Source
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Note: Apenas jogos Primarios da Valve.
Codigo fonte do Source SDK 2013
Source É um motor gráfico 3D criado pela Valve em 2004, e é o sucessor da GoldSrc. O Motor Source é bem conhecido pelo seus avanços em física, IA, e gráficos que fizeram jogos realistas para seu tempo, ao mesmo tempo em que é escalável em versões mais antigas, hardware menos potente. Um jogo, Half-Life 2, ganhou vários prêmios por seus gráficos, que foram possíveis graças a Source. Source foi usada pela Valve, corporações de terceiros, e (muito parecido com a GoldSrc) incontáveis mods feitos pelas pessoas das comunidades ao redor do globo, com pelo menos 100 jogos desenvolvidos na Source. O motor que tem varias extensões, cada com uma nova função adicionada e improvisando as capacidades gráficas.
Apesar do Motor Source já estar na casa dos 20 anos, e já sendo ultrapassado pelo Source 2 sendo utilizado como motor principal partir de 2015, ela esta a ser usada comumente ate os dias de hoje por modders e algumas corporações de terceiros pelo fato da Source 2 não ter tantos documentos explicativos e era raramente licenciada para desenvolvedores de terceiros comparado a Source, e ainda sendo mantida ate hoje com atualizações regulares de segurança e ate mesmo para o próprio motor.
Recursos
Lista de recursos e capacidades para o motor Source. Alguns recursos novos listados aqui podem não se aplicar para segmentos antecessores ou superiores da Source, ou jogos/ramificações de terceiros.
Para uma lista de Ramificações da Source (incluindo jogos de terceiros) com seus recursos específicos próprios,
Source 2004 ▶ Source 2006 ▶ Orange Box branch Source 2007, Source 2009/MP, Source 2013 (Xengine) ▶Left 4 Dead engine branch ▶ Alien Swarm engine branch ▶ Portal 2 engine branch (Titanfall engine branch) ▶ CS:GO engine branch (Strata Source) ▶ Dota 2 engine branch
Various branches of the GoldSrc and Source engine by both Valve and third-party developers. A build of GoldSrc and Source is only considered a branch when it is incompatible with previous releases.
See Branching on Wikipedia..
Renderização
- Suporta modelos 2.0 e 3.0 do Shader .
- Alguns jogos de terceiros podem suportar Modelo Shader 5.0 e superior utilizando o Direct3D 11 ou superior, como Titanfall engine branch e Strata Source.
- Suporte a antisserrilhamento (MSAA, FXAA, MLAA, TAA, etc.)
- Veja a pagina do antisserrilhamento para mais informações, e vários métodos com recursos e desvantagens com vários métodos antisserrilhamento.
- Mais opções de filtragem de Textura e opções anisotrópicas.
- Filtros Anisotrópicos permitindo texturas em varias distancias deixando ás finas e menos borradas.
- Comparado ao GoldSrc (anterior a 2013) funções como filtragem de textura trilinear e bilinear, Source fornece mais opções de filtragem de textura, indo de bilinear, trilinear, anisotrópico 2x ate 16x.
- Suporte para pipelines de renderização tanto forward quanto deferred .
- Renderização Deferred é uma técnica de renderização que permite jogos a renderizar muitas luzes com baixo impacto na performance. Renderização Deferred são utilizadas casualmente na maioria dos títulos modernos.
- Bump mapping e Normal mapping em modelos do mundo
- Autor shaders com HLSL
- Cubo e mapeamento de ambiente
- Cubemapping também suporta Anisotropia desde
- Phong sombreamento para modelos
- Luzes dinâmicas, luzes vertex e lightmaps, vários tipos de luzes incluindo flickering, pulsing etc.
- HDR (em todos os jogos desde ) e luzes LDR (SDR)
- LDR é obsoleto desde Left 4 Dead engine branch. Isto não se aplica a alguns jogos como os lançamentos originais de Dota 2, por exemplo.
- Água com refração, reflexões em tempo real e efeitos fresnel.
- Água também suporta flow mapping (no translation )
- Sistema de Partículas Avançadas que pode emitir sprite s ou model s
- Sombras de Renderização-para-textura permitem para uma quantidade maior de caractereis por cena (no translation )
- Occluder entities for visibility blocking
- Indoor/Outdoor environments
- Deformable terrain
- 3D Skyboxes extend the horizon and add parallax on distant objects
- Dynamically rendered organics (grass, trees, etc.)
- Swaying trees (no translation ) (também em )
- Subdivision surfaces, diffuse & specular bump maps
- Real-time radiosity lighting
- Real-time Cascaded Shadow Mapping that comes from the skybox (no translation ) (no translation )
- Effects include but are not limited to: particles, beams, volumetric smoke, sparks, blood, & environmental effects like fog and rain
- Scalability
- Screen Space Ambient Occlusion (SSAO) (apenas em )
- A technique for efficiently approximating the ambient occlusion effect in real time.
- Widescreen display support
- Source is one of the earliest game engines to support Widescreen monitors natively (16:9 and 16:10 aspect ratio) without stretching the image, while most games from that era are usually designed for 4:3/5:4 displays only.
Games such as Half-Life 2 support widescreen display at launch back in 2004, with horizontal FOV (field of view), allow you to see more details.
- Source is one of the earliest game engines to support Widescreen monitors natively (16:9 and 16:10 aspect ratio) without stretching the image, while most games from that era are usually designed for 4:3/5:4 displays only.
- Physically Based Rendering (no translation )
- Parallax Occlusion Mapping(no translation )
- Support various graphics API (Direct3D, OpenGL, Vulkan)
- Direct3D versions
- Direct3D 9
- DirectX compatibility levels for older graphics cards:
- DirectX 7.0 (Source 2004/2006 or RTX Remix games only)
- DirectX 8.0 (
dxlevel 80
fixed-function shaders) - DirectX 8.1 (
dxlevel 81
same as above, with smooth shadows) - DirectX 9.0 (
dxlevel 90
) - DirectX 9.0+ (
dxlevel 95
) - Nota:DirectX compatibility levels are no longer supported since Left 4 Dead engine branch.
Also, regardless whichdxlevel
was set to, all Source games will always run on Direct3D 9.
- Direct3D 9Ex (no translation ) (também em ) - DX9 Windows Aero extensions, requires Vista or later. User can enable/disable in Video Settings - Advanced (Windows Aero extensions), or through
-disable_d3d9ex
(no translation ). - Direct3D 11 (no translation )
- Direct3D 12 (no translation )
- Nota:Direct3D 9 can be forced by the launch option
-dx9
, if it was forced by commands such as-gamepadui
, which enables both the Gamepad UI and Vulkan renderer unless combined with-dx9
- Direct3D 9
- OpenGL(no translation /) which is another graphics API used in Source games on macOS and Linux.
dxlevel 92
is the OpenGL equivalent to DirectX 9 Shader Model 3 (D3D9.0c)
- Vulkan graphics API (no translation )
- A successor to OpenGL, Vulkan can be used to workaround various graphical issues such as the Portal 2's projected textures, which does not render properly on newer graphics drivers (both NVIDIA and AMD). Enable Vulkan using
-vulkan
launch options.
- A successor to OpenGL, Vulkan can be used to workaround various graphical issues such as the Portal 2's projected textures, which does not render properly on newer graphics drivers (both NVIDIA and AMD). Enable Vulkan using
Materials System
- Instead of traditional textures, Source defines sets of materials that specify what the object is made from and the texture used for that object. A material specifies how an object will fracture when broken, what it will sound like when broken or dragged across another surface, and what that object's mass and buoyancy are. This system is much more flexible than other texture-only systems
- Materials can interact with objects or NPCs, such as mud or ice for vehicles to slide/lose traction on
Multiplayer Network Code
- Time- and gamer-tested by millions of gamers around the world
- Support for both LAN-based multiplayer and Internet-based multiplayer games
- Prediction analysis for interpolating collision/hit detection
- Optimizations for high-latency, high-packet-loss 56k connections
Advanced Characters
- Detailed and believable characters
- Realistic eyes
- Focus on player/object, not simply parallel views
- Proper eye bulge for realistic eye reflections
- Simulated musculature provides outstanding emotions, speech, and body language
- Language independent speech, characters can speak naturally in many languages
- Skeletal/bone system for animation
- Layered animation system can synthesize complex animations out of several pieces
Physics
- Uses Havok physics engine, licensed from Havok Group (now acquired by Microsoft)
- More responsive world with realistic interactions
- Sounds & graphics follow from physics
- AI characters can interact with physically simulated objects
- Ropes/cables, machines, constraint systems, ragdoll physics
- Can be controlled by level design
- Kinematic animated bone followers
- Custom procedural physics controllers
- Vehicles
- Wheels slip and skid
- Realistic suspensions with springs on each wheel
- Realistic leaning during acceleration/deceleration and turning
- Individually tunable parameters such as horsepower, gearing, max speed, shift speed, tire material, tire friction, spring tension/dampening, etc.
- Multiple players in a vehicle in multiplayer
- Hovercraft support for cheaper simulation
Advanced AI
- I/O system allows level designers to control AI
- Sophisticated navigation: characters that run, fly, jump, crouch, climb stairs and ladders, and burrow underground
- AI senses things using sight, sound, and smell
- AI relationships determine friend/foe status of other entities
- Battle AI allows squads of AI characters to operate together, know when to advance, retreat, lay cover fire, etc.
Sound System
- 7.1, 5.1 surround sound, 4 speaker surround
- Erro:On system running Windows Vista and later, due to the game engine using DirectSound and older version of Miles Sound System, the game may output only 5.1 surround despite 7.1 selected or 7.1 audio may not work properly without custom
dsound.dll
(such as Creative Alchemy, DSOAL or IndirectSound). This issue is not affected by some third-party games, such as Titanfall 2, Apex Legends as they used newer version of Miles Sound System. [todo tested in?] - Nota:Some or newer Source games (such as Alien Swarm, Portal 2 and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive) may not include options to enable 7.1 surround sound without using console commands.
- High-quality 3D spatialization
- Custom software DSP
- Automatic DSP based on environmental geometry
- Microsoft ADPCM-compressed WAV files
- 16-bit 44.1 KHz (CD Quality), stereo wave data with all features
- Nota:Source does not support 48 KHz audio (DVD Quality) by default.
- MP3 decompression (requires Miles license)
- Support for audio streaming on any wave [Clarify]
- Real-time wave file stitching [Clarify]
- Pre-authored Doppler effect encoded waves
- Pre-authored distance variant encoded waves
- Commentary system
UI
- Server browser — Displays all active game servers and allows a player to choose which one to participate in. Players can filter and sort server lists to speed up the display and selection of a server.
- VGUI — Valve's custom GUI interface mimics most of the Windows controls but is rendered using the Source engine for both in game and out of game uniform UI display. Some features:
- Dynamic in-game HUD display
- Many widgets/controls (e.g., buttons, treeview, html control…)
- Themes/custom visualization allowed
- Platform independent
- Localized text (Unicode compliant)
- Gamepad UI ( Source 2013 version) — Since the release of Half-Life 2 (and its episodes) as well as Portal updates in 2022, Valve have added a modern UI which is designed for consoles and handhelds like Steam Deck. With the new Gamepad UI, it was more scalable across any resolution (including 4K and higher), unlike the regular VGUI (which, the higher the resolution, the text and UI will become smaller). This UI can be also enabled manually by using
-gamepadui
command line argument (which will also enable Vulkan renderer that may not work on some older GPUs unless-dx9
is used in combination of-gamepadui
).
- Scaleform (officially called Scaleform GFx) — Introduced with CS:GO engine branch at launch until 2018, this is a vector graphics rendering engine used to display Adobe Flash-based UI and HUD for games.
- Panorama (no translation ) — Introduced in 2018, replacing Scaleform, Valve's new Custom GUI interface that resembles modern web design and authoring (HTML5/CSS/JS). Using
.XML
and JavaScript files, developers can create dynamic and clean HUDs and menus and even high-quality in-game intractable panels.
Programming
- Source natively support various CPU architectures, such as x86 (PC and 8th, 9th-gen Consoles), ARM ( Android, Nintendo Switch), PowerPC ( Xbox 360, PlayStation 3), and more, with both 32 and 64-bit.
- Support for 64-bit architecture will allow Source to handle more than 2-4GB of RAM limit.
- Historically, Half-Life 2 had a 64-bit update in 2005, but it was later removed for unknown reasons. CS:GO later received an 64-bit update in 2016 for Mac and Linux systems. On April 19, 2024, Team Fortress 2 was upgraded to 64-bit on Windows and Linux.
- All code written in C/C++ using Visual Studio .NET 2003 and later. Easily and quickly derive new entities from existing base classes
- Source SDK 2013 code, by default, can be compiled on Visual Studio 2013 only. See Compiling under VS2022 if you want to compile Source 2013 with newer versions of Visual Studio.
- Linux version are compiled using GNU Compiler Collection.
- Internal context sensitive performance monitoring system
- Graphics performance measurement tools built into the engine
- Modular code design (via DLLs) allows swapping out of core components for easy upgrading or code replacement
- VScript scripting system allows using external coding languages, such as Squirrel and Lua, in maps to create more complex systems (no translation ) (no translation )
Tools
- HLFaceposer
- Facial expression tool used to craft speech and emotions
- Valve Hammer Editor
- WYSIWYG World editor
- Create world brushes
- Terrain editor
- Place detailed world models and AI NPCs
- Set navigation points/paths for NPCs
- Place triggers, clip brushes, logic, etc.
- Allows level designer to hook up I/O between entities to control AI within the game
- Half-Life Model Viewer
- Full model previewer
- Rotate models in any direction
- Set up hit boxes
- View physics hull
- View normals
- Wireframe, shaded or textured view modes
- Studiomdl
- Model compiler
- VBSP, VRAD, VVIS, VMPI
- Map compilation tools (bsp, lighting and visibility)
- VMPI — distributed compilation tool allowing level compiles to be spread across many PCs greatly reducing compile times
- Exporters
- XSI, Max and Maya
.smd
exporters for exporting 3D models
- XSI, Max and Maya
Branches
- For the list of Source engine branches (including third-party branches), see List of Source engine branches.
Products using Source
This is the list of games that uses the Source engine.
Products made by Valve
Release date | Title | Co-developed with | Engine branch | Platforms | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 out 2004 | Counter-Strike: Source | Turtle Rock Studios Hidden Path Entertainment (2010 update) |
Source 2004 (launch) Source 2013 Multiplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | First game to use the Source engine. Remake of Counter-Strike. Hidden Path Entertainment alongside Valve worked on the May 7, 2010 update, which upgraded the game's engine from Source 2006 to 2009, and added 144 (now 146) achievements, a new domination and revenge system similar to Team Fortress 2, player stats and more. Hidden Path Entertainment also worked on the unreleased Xbox 360 port of CS:S, which would later become Counter-Strike: Global Offensive after Valve saw the opportunity during it's development to turn the port into a new game. Mac version of the game was later release in June 2010, and Linux in 2013. |
16 nov 2004 | Half-Life: Source | Source 2004 (launch) Source 2013 Singleplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Remaster of Half-Life. It is critically panned by most gamers since 2013 due to the huge amount of bugs that were introduced when the game was updated to Source 2013. Prior to the 2013 update, it was generally positively received by critics and most gamers, but some are disappointed over the game graphics (especially the textures) that are largely unchanged, while also having a realistic 3D Skybox and water effects. A unofficial fan remake of Half-Life, called Black Mesa was later started development in response of those criticisms, which was first released in 2012 without any Xen chapters and was much shorter, and later in 2020, a full release with contains the Xen chapters. |
|
16 nov 2004 | Half-Life 2 | EA UK (PS3 port) | Source 2004 (launch, ) Source 2007 (apenas em ) Source 2013 Singleplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Original Xbox, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 |
Sequel to Half-Life, and later Half-Life: Alyx. Included on The Orange Box. The game was set 20 years after the event of Half-Life, takes place in City 17, which is under Combine control. Prior to its release, it was delayed multiple times, and infamously leaked in Oct 2003. It was among the first games to require Steam in order to play. Half-Life 2's engine branch has been updated multiple times, first in 2006 with the release of Episode One, upgrading it to Source 2006, in 2007, upgraded to Source 2007 on consoles, and in 2010, upgraded to Source 2009 on PC, finally, Half-Life 2 was upgraded to the Source 2013 Singleplayer branch. |
30 nov 2004 | Half-Life 2: Deathmatch | Source 2004 (launch) Source 2013 Multiplayer (currently, earlier version) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Multiplayer component of Half-Life 2. | |
26 set 2005 | Day of Defeat: Source | Source 2006 (launch) Source 2013 Multiplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Remake of Day of Defeat. Like Half-Life 2: Lost Coast, it also have features later added to Source 2006, such as HDR lighting. | |
27 out 2005 | Half-Life 2: Lost Coast | Source 2006 (launch) Source 2013 Singleplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Originally as part of Half-Life 2, which was cut at some point before it was released, and was developed after the leak happened but was ultimately cut, then later released in 2005 as a HDR lighting technology demo. It runs on a much newer engine which would soon later be called Source 2006, which was released with the next game, Half-Life 2: Episode One and Half-Life Deathmatch: Source. As of 2024, it runs on Source 2013. |
|
1 mai 2006 | Half-Life Deathmatch: Source | Source 2006 (launch) Source 2013 Multiplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Multiplayer component of Half-Life: Source. | |
1 jun 2006 | Half-Life 2: Episode One | EA UK (PS3 port) | Source 2006 (launch) Source 2007 ((apenas em )) Source 2013 Singleplayer (currently |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 |
The game is the sequel to Half-Life 2, and the story begins after the Citadel reactor core was destroyed, Gordon and Alyx both survived the explosion. When it's come to technical, it used the Source 2006 engine branch at launch, and it is the last Valve game to be released on the Old Engine branch. Included in The Orange Box. |
10 out 2007 | Half-Life 2: Episode Two | EA UK (PS3 port) | Source 2007 (launch, currently used on & ) Source 2013 Singleplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 |
A sequel to Half-Life 2: Episode One. The City 17 has been destroyed, and the Citadel was partially collapsed, Gordon and Alyx has survived the train crash. The game largely take places in White Forest. Story aside, when it's come to technical, it uses the Source 2007 at launch, originally called as The Orange Box engine branch and it is the first iteration of the New Engine branch. Included on The Orange Box. |
Portal | PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Nintendo Switch (part of Portal Companion Collection) |
A completely new game and IP from Valve, set in the Half-Life universe, and take places in Aperture Laboratories. It is a puzzle-based shooter game, allowing you to create portals, that link to one another on any flat and large enough surface. In 2023, an unofficially remastered version of the game, Portal with RTX, was released, which takes advantage of hardware that support ray-tracing, and adds PBR textures, high polygon models in order to improve the game graphics. Like the other two new games in The Orange Box package, it used the Source 2007 engine at launch. |
|||
Team Fortress 2 | Source 2007 (launch, currently used on & ) Source 2013 Multiplayer (currently) |
PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 |
Sequel to Team Fortress Classic, focusing on cartoon graphics unlike the pre-release footage/screenshots, which aimed to be more realistic. This is the last game, along with 2 other games as part of The Orange Box pack to use the engine branch that requires Half-Life 2 assets to operate. The console version of the game is no longer updated, as opposed to PC version of the game, which is frequently updated. |
||
17 nov 2008 | Left 4 Dead | Turtle Rock Studios (under Valve South) |
Left 4 Dead engine branch (earlier version) | PC: Windows, Mac Console(s): Xbox 360 |
A new multiplayer co-op game, with a horror zombie theme. It use a new engine branch which does not require Half-Life 2 assets in order to work, it also adds many new features and introduced VPKs. |
17 nov 2009 | Left 4 Dead 2 | Left 4 Dead engine branch | PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360 |
Originally was planned to be an update for Left 4 Dead, it was later released as standalone game. Like Left 4 Dead, it also runs on the same L4D branch, but much newer. Like TF2, the console version () of the game is no longer updated, as opposed to PC version of the game. This game was also ported to Source 2 back in 2014, but this version remains unreleased to this day, and one of its maps has been remade in Source 2 as a tech demo back in 2010, which its image was leaked in 2014. |
|
19 jul 2010 | Alien Swarm | Alien Swarm engine branch | PC: Windows | A co-op alien shooter, which was a remake of the Unreal Tournament 2004 mod with the same name. It succeeded the Left 4 Dead engine branch and adds new features on its branch. | |
18 abr 2011 | Portal 2 | Portal 2 engine branch | PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Nintendo Switch (part of Portal Companion Collection) |
Has its own engine branch, and once again, introduced new features and succeeded Alien Swarm engine branch. Sequel of Portal. For the first time since 2007, the PlayStation 3 version was developed by Valve themselves, and does not suffer various issues that The Orange Box on PS3 had, such as poor optimization, and high-pitched audio issue. | |
21 ago 2012 | Counter-Strike: Global Offensive | Hidden Path Entertainment | CS:GO engine branch | PC: Windows, Mac, Linux Console(s): Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 |
Sequel to Counter-Strike: Source, originally developed as a Xbox 360 port of Counter-Strike: Source before Valve eventually turned it into a new Counter-Strike game. The game runs on the CS:GO engine branch, which is based off of the Left 4 Dead engine branch with Portal 2 engine branch code. CS:GO used Source 1 engine until 2023, now uses the new Source 2 engine under the name Counter-Strike 2, replacing CS:GO (except the console version). Console version is no longer updated since 2013, but remains purchasable. Prior to being delisted, it was Free to Play on PC since 2018. |
9 jul 2013 | Dota 2 | Dota 2 engine branch (Pre-Reborn) | PC: Windows, Mac, Linux | Sequel to 2003's Warcraft III mod, Defense of the Ancients (retroactively called as Dota 1, DotA for short). Formerly using Source until 2015, when it was switched to Source 2, as part of Dota 2's Reborn update. This is also the last Valve game to be released on the Source engine. | |
Release date | Title | Co-developed with | Engine branch | Platforms | Notes |
Third-Party
Games, tool and mods made by third-party companies and mod teams.
Released
|
|
In development (Unreleased)
This section are for unreleased third-party games and tools that have been announced, and it is currently in development, not publicly released, is in Beta/Early Access, or planned to be released.
|
More Third-party Source Engine games
See also
- Wikipedia:Source (game engine)
- Source Engine Features
- Source SDK
- Source SDK Documentation
- Source SDK 2013
External links
- Official Website (archived) - Official website about the Source engine
- Source Engine Tutorials https://www.sourcemodding.com/tutorials/source
- Tutorials for Source Engine https://gamebanana.com/tuts/games/35
- Tutorials - Source - Mod DB https://www.moddb.com/engines/source/tutorials
- GitHub Issues page - for engine bug reports.