这篇条目有关 "金源" 引擎。如需详情，点击这里。

GoldSrc

From Valve Developer Community
Jump to: navigation, search
English (en)Deutsch (de)Русский (ru)Українська (uk)Tiếng Việt (vi)中文 (zh)

id Tech 2 id Tech 2 ▶ 金源 金源 ▶ 起源 起源 ▶ 起源2 起源2


金源引擎
"Powered by the Half-Life engine" logo used on some game boxarts.
Screenshot in-game of 半衰期, using the GoldSrc Engine.
Screenshot in-game of 半衰期, using the GoldSrc Engine.
Developer(s)
Release date(s)
1998年11月19日
Written in
License
Proprietary (en) (source code available for non-commercial purposes)
Links
GitHub page
(source code & bug reports)
Successor


金源 金源 (也被称为GoldSource, 以前简称为半衰期引擎) 是由Valve于1996年创造的3D电子游戏引擎。 它是90年代末、00年代初许多著名游戏的引擎, 如半衰期, 军团要塞 经典, 反恐精英, 与 胜利之日。金源引擎是雷神之锤引擎的魔改版本，运行在C++上（带有一些C）。金源引擎及其关卡编辑器Valve Hammer Editor由 Valve 发布供公众使用，使其成为无数社区mod的开发工具。

金源引擎被它的继任者替代，即2004年所发布的 起源 起源,目前它是Valve游戏mod的首选引擎。 尽管金源引擎已经过了巅峰时期，但许多玩家和一些开发者仍热衷于开发模组与游戏。

至 2023 年，Valve 正在积极更新和维护该引擎，最近随着半衰期的 25 周年更新，增加了引擎限制并修复了许多错误。

一张半衰期：蓝色行动的截图, 展示了基本的阴影
一张恐惧之泣的截图, 它运行在一个大量修改的金源上
一张反恐精英：零点行动, 使用了更高清的玩家模型的贴图。
Xbox上反恐精英的一张截图

特性

Blank image.png待完善: 在这里展开或添加链接
  • 集群AI - NPC (en)可以聚集在，使用Houndeyes来看见对方
  • 骨骼动画 - 与《雷神之锤》中的顶点动画相比，骨骼动画更加稳定
  • 更多边数 - 比《雷神之锤》更加精细的模型，允许更多的边数
  • 高清模型
  • 脚本序列 - 广泛用于讲述《半条命》的故事
  • 玩家机器人 (en) (仅存在于 反恐精英：零点行动反恐精英（Xbox） 之中),
  • A3D/EAX 硬件加速音频 - 改进了 DSP (en) 音效（例如消除回声的嗡嗡声），并添加了环绕声支持（自 2013 年 SteamPipe 更新以来已删除）。

自2003年来的Steam更新

  • VGUI2 (en) - Valve 的自定义 GUI 界面，类似于大多数 Windows 控件。
  • 游戏内广告 （反恐精英 反恐精英，自 SteamPipe 以来已删除） - 于 2007 年推出。

自2013年来的SteamPipe更新

自25周年纪念来的更新

  • 减少引擎限制 - Valve 减少了引擎限制，允许更多实体和详细地图。
  • func_vehicle (en) 实体 ，来自 反恐精英 反恐精英
  • 原生 Steam Deck Steam Deck 支持
  • Steam Input (en) 支持 - 添加了 Steam Input支持，使游戏能够支持更多控制器。

渲染器 (en)

金源有两种渲染器： 软件加速 (en) 和 OpenGL (en)（之前有三个，因为Direct3D 7 (en)支持在 2013 年 SteamPipe 更新中被删除），这两个渲染器都有差异。

  • 彩色照明 - 雷神之锤只有单色照明
  • 透明纹理 - 地图里可以弄玻璃了
  • 透明水体
  • 水波纹
  • 水波
  • 动态光圈模拟 - a自动调整屏幕亮度。类似于起源的HDR (en)。 (仅存在于 反恐精英（Xbox） 之中)
  • 精细的纹理 (en) (仅存在于 反恐精英半衰期：争锋相对胜利之日反恐精英：零点行动零点行动 关卡模式反恐精英（Xbox） 之中)
Icon-Bug.png错误:自 25 周年更新以来，细致纹理渲染已被破坏。

自2013年来的SteamPipe更新

  • FBO 渲染器 - 一种新的渲染游戏方法，它允许 MSAA 与 GoldSrc 引擎一起使用。这也允许游戏在无边框窗口中以全屏方式运行，并且与显示器不同的纵横比（例如，16：9 上的 4：3）不会被拉伸以填充黑条。
Note.png注意:你可以使用启动项-nofbo禁用新的 FBO 渲染器，注意，这也将禁用 MSAA。
  • MSAA 抗锯齿 (en) - 金源现在原生支持抗锯齿，特别是 MSAA 4X，这在大多数现代硬件上默认启用。这将减少锯齿状边缘/阶梯对几何体的影响。

自25周年纪念来的更新

  • 着色器支持 (OpenGL)
    • 借助着色器支持，它还修复了在 OpenGL 下无法正常工作的过亮照明问题。
  • 模板阴影
Note.png注意:此功能最初来自雷神之锤 GLQuake。要启用，必须设置为r_shadows 1

版本和分支

Icon-broom.png
此物品需要清理以符合更高的质量标准。
如需帮助，请参阅 VDC 编辑帮助和维基百科清理过程。另外，请记住在本文的讨论页检查标记者留下的任何笔记。
Blank image.png待完善: 其中大多数不是分支;分支同时存在，而不是完全取代旧的代码库。.
Blank image.png待完善: SDK 2.1、2.2 和 2.3 何时发布？

小作品

这篇文章是一个小作品，您可以帮助我们完善它。

Year Version Company Features Base Notes
1998 [澄清] v1.0.x.x/SDK v1 Valve Valve Software Per-texture palettes, Coloured lighting Quake (id Tech 2) v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl
1998[澄清] v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0 Valve Valve Software VGUI v1.0.x.x/SDK v1 v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl
2001 (leak)[澄清] Dreamcast Gearbox Software Gearbox Software Compressed model textures v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0 v30 .bsp, v11 .mdl
2002 007 Nightfire Gearbox Software Gearbox Software Direct3D 8 renderer
MSAA support		 v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0 (For PC)
Modified id Tech 3 (For consoles)[citation needed]		 v42 .bsp, v14 .mdl
2003 PlayStation 2 Gearbox Software Gearbox Software LOD models Dreamcast v40 .bs2, v10 .dol
2003 Xbox Ritual Entertainment Ritual Entertainment Improved lighting Counter-Strike: Condition Zero engine branch earlier version v30 .bsp, v11 .mdl, .sxwad format instead of wad
2003 Counter-Strike Neo engine branch Namco Heavily modified OpenGL Renderer
Native linux support		 v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0
证实:only for ver.1

Counter-Strike: Condition Zero engine branch (ver.2)		 v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl [证实]
2003 Steam Valve Valve Software VGUI2 v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0 v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl
2004 Counter-Strike: Condition Zero engine branch Valve Valve
Turtle Rock Studios Turtle Rock Studios
Gearbox Software Gearbox Software
Ritual Entertainment Ritual Entertainment		 Player Bots
Detail textures		 v1.1.x.x/SDK v2.0[证实] v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl [证实]
2007[澄清] Paranoia HLSDK fork Paranoia HLSDK fork Paranoia Team New OpenGL Renderer Counter-Strike: Condition Zero engine branch v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl [证实]
2013 恐惧之泣 引擎分支 恐惧之泣 引擎分支 Team Psykskallar Improved paranoia's OpenGL Renderer Paranoia HLSDK fork Paranoia HLSDK fork[3] v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl [证实]
2013 2013 SteamPipe (SDK 2.4) Valve Valve Software Linux and Mac support
MSAA (4X) support
Removed support for EAX/A3D surround sound and Direct3D 7 renderer		 Steam v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl
2016 Svengine Svengine Sven Co-op Team AngelScript
FMOD audio (restores EAX/surround sound features)
Extended engine limits		 2013 SteamPipe v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl
2023 25th anniversary, aka HL25 (SDK 2.5) Valve Valve Software Shaders 2013 SteamPipe v30 .bsp, v10 .mdl

半条命 SDK

主条目:  半条命 SDK

截止至2013年8月, 它可用于Steam Steam的 "工具" 选项下。 随之而来的是 Hammer 3.x Hammer 3.4, 3ds Max 提供了许多切割和制作NPC以及玩家和武器模型的方法, 用于将纹理打包到 WAD 中的工具,有关将语音聊天等联机功能实现到Mod (en)中的详细文档。

最新版本的 SDK 的完整源代码可以在 Valve的Github页面找到

Note.png注意:Hammer 3.x Hammer 3.5 是Valve为金源推出的最后一个官方版本, 可单独下载，例如 Sven Co-op Sven Co-op SDK

使用金源的游戏 ViewDiscussEdit templatePurge

Year Title Developer(s) Publisher(s) Platforms Notes
1998 半衰期 半衰期 Valve Sierra Entertainment (retail)
Valve (digital) 		个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux
Console(s): PlayStation 2 		First official game to use the GoldSrc engine.
The macOS Mac port (for Mac OS 9, OS X on PowerPC systems) by Logicware was originally cancelled in 2000 before it's was silently released for Intel Macs running OS X/macOS in 2013 by Valve.
The game received a major update in November 17, 2023, for it's 25th anniversary, which fixes tons of bugs, added new maps and content and increased engine limits.
1999 半衰期：争锋相对 半衰期：争锋相对 Gearbox Software, Valve 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux First official expansion for 半衰期 半衰期.
军团要塞 经典 军团要塞 经典 Valve 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Remake of Quake mod, Qtf-16px.png 军团要塞 in GoldSrc engine.
Sven Co-op Sven Co-op Sven Co-op Team Sven Co-op Team 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux GoldSrc was later forked into Svengine since version 5.0, which was slightly different than GoldSrc, and has support
for Hor+ FOV, better audio via FMOD, and so on..., aswell as increased engine limitations.
Sven Co-op is a co-op mod that allows you to play 半衰期 半衰期, it's expansions and other single player campaigns with multiplayer.
2000 反恐精英 反恐精英 Valve Sierra Entertainment (retail)
Valve (digital) 		个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Originally was an 半衰期 mod, it was later available to purchase seperately from 半衰期. The game later become popular when it was released and kickstart several tournaments involving 反恐精英 games.
Gunman Chronicles Gunman Chronicles Rewolf Entertainment Sierra Entertainment 个人电脑: Windows
Ricochet Ricochet Valve Valve 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux
2001 死亡竞赛 经典 死亡竞赛 经典 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux
半衰期：蓝色行动 半衰期：蓝色行动 Gearbox Software, Valve Sierra Entertainment (retail)
Valve (digital) 		个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Second official expansion to the original 半衰期, aswell was set hours earlier and during the event of 半衰期. Players play as Barney Carlhoun, who later returned in 半衰期2 series.
WANTED! WANTED! Maverick Developments Maverick Developments 个人电脑: Windows
半衰期：衰变 半衰期：衰变 Gearbox Software Sierra Entertainment 个人电脑: Windows (unofficial)
Console(s): PlayStation 2 		Half-Life last expansion, exclusive to PlayStation 2. An unofficial port of Half-Life Decay for PC developed by Hoaxer, was released in 2008.
2002 Natural Selection Natural Selection Unknown Worlds Unknown Worlds 个人电脑: Windows
詹姆斯·邦德007：夜火 詹姆斯·邦德007：夜火 Eurcom, Gearbox Software (PC) Electronic Arts 个人电脑: Windows, Mac (PowerPC)
Console(s): PlayStation 2, Original Xbox, GameCube, Game Boy Advance 		Highly modified engine with MSAA support (up to 8X) and Direct3D 8 (DX8). Consoles version uses entirely different engines, and have more content than PC version.
Also only GoldSrc game to be ported to PowerPC-based Mac (半衰期 port to PPC Mac was cancelled).
2003 胜利之日 胜利之日 Valve Activision, Valve (digital) 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux
反恐精英（Xbox） 反恐精英（Xbox） Ritual Entertainment, Turtle Rock Studios Xbox Game Studios (formerly Microsoft Studios) 个人电脑: Windows
Consoles: Original Xbox
反恐精英 Neo 反恐精英 Neo Namco Namco 个人电脑 (Arcade)
2004 反恐精英：零点行动 反恐精英：零点行动
零点行动 关卡模式 零点行动 关卡模式 		Valve, Ritual Entertainment, Gearbox Software, Turtle Rock Studios Sierra Entertainment, Valve (digital) 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Last Valve game to be developed on GoldSrc engine (CS Online and Nexon Studio does not count).
2007 Paranoia Paranoia Paranoia Team Paranoia Team 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Features modified OpenGL renderer for better graphics, downside of this is that the custom OpenGL renderer file "opengl32.dll" may get deleted by the game when launching any GoldSrc game outside Paranoia or prevents the player from playing multiplayer (due to VAC VAC, which might also ban users for custom dlls file). This issues does not affect the Xash3D port (which also makes the game completely standalone).
2008 反恐精英 Online 反恐精英 Online Valve, Nexon Nexon 个人电脑: Windows Free to play game based off 反恐精英：零点行动 反恐精英：零点行动 with microtranscations and skins, aswell as many other game modes like Zombies.
This version doesn't require Steam, and is only available in Asia. The console commands has been restricted to only some commands to prevent cheating and other exploits.
2013 恐惧之泣 恐惧之泣
零点行动 关卡模式 零点行动 关卡模式 		Team Psykskallar Team Psykskallar 个人电脑: Windows, Mac, Linux Runs on older, but highly modified version of GoldSrc (based off Paranoia Paranoia) with better graphics. Standalone mod.
2014 反恐精英 Nexon：Studio 反恐精英 Nexon：Studio Valve, Nexon Nexon 个人电脑: Windows Last officially licensed game to use the GoldSrc engine. Worldwide (America, Europe) version of 反恐精英 Online 反恐精英 Online. Originally called as Counter-Strike: Nexon Zombies.
2015 Headcrab Frenzy! Crystice Softworks 个人电脑: Windows, Linux
2020 Halfquake Trilogy Philipp Lehner 个人电脑: Windows
Digital Paintball Redux DPB Redux Dev Team 个人电脑: Windows
Half-Life: Absolute Zero Half-Life: Absolute Zero Cobalt-57 个人电脑: Windows
2023 半衰期：MMOD 半衰期：MMOD MMod Team Gunship_Mark_II 个人电脑: Windows, Linux
Year Title Developer(s) Publisher(s) Platforms Notes

有关更多游戏以及有关使用金源引擎的游戏的文章，请参阅 金源游戏目录 (en)

规格

Engine
Limits 金源 Pre-25th 金源 Post-25th Xash3D Xash3D Svengine Svengine
Maximum number of dynamic sound channels 8 32 64 N/A
Default max number of server entities (MAX_EDICTS) 900 1200 600 - 8192 8192
Absolute max number of server entities (via liblist.gam edits) 2048 2048 8192 N/A
Maximum number of temporary entities (MAX_TEMPENTS) 500 N/A 300 - 2048 N/A
Maximum number of particles (MAX_PARTICLES) 4096 N/A 1024 - 131072 N/A
Maximum number of beams (MAX_BEAMS) 64 N/A 64 - 512 256
Maximum number of visible entities in the package (MAX_VISIBLE_PACKET) 256 1024 2048 N/A
Maximum number of pre-cacheable models and sprites (MAX_MODELS) 512 N/A 1024 (4096 in FWGS) 8192
Maximum number of pre-cached sounds (MAX_SOUNDS) 512 N/A 2048 4096
Maximum number of entries to read sentences made up of sentences (MAX_SENTENCES) 1536 2048 4096 N/A
Maximum number of user messages (MAX_USER_MESSAGES) 128 N/A 191 N/A
Max number of loaded textures (MAX_TEXTURES) 2048 N/A 4096 (8192 in FWGS) N/A
Max number of GL textures (MAX_GLTEXTURES) 4800 10000 4096 (8192 in FWGS) N/A
Number of messages titles.txt (MAX_MESSAGES) 1024 N/A 2048 N/A
Maximum size of indexed textures 512х512 512x512 8192х8192 N/A
Maximum size of full color textures 512х512 512x512 8192х8192 N/A
Maximum number of models on the map (MAX_MAP_MODELS) 256 N/A 768 (1024 in FWGS) 4096
Maximum number of map leafs (MAX_MAP_LEAFS) 8192 N/A 32767 65536
Maximum number of entities per packet (MAX_PACKET_ENTITIES) 256 1024 256 512
Maximum number of spans (software renderer geometry limit) 3000 6000 N/A N/A
Maximum number of surfaces (software renderer geometry limit) 2000 4000 N/A N/A
Maximum number of edges (software renderer geometry limit) 7200 14400 N/A N/A

Bugs and Limitations

Icon-broom.png
本文需要更新以包含有关该主题的当前信息，因为：
Half-Life 25th Anniversary Update fixes a lot and breaks other stuff.
记得在本文的讨论页上查看标记者留下的任何注释。

Use GitHub in order to prevent duplicate or outdated bug reports at the wiki.

Icon-Bug.png错误:Various GoldSrc non-standalone mods has been broken with the recent 半衰期 半衰期 update, as part of its 25th anniversary. Some of these games would crash on startup with Visual C++ error.
Other games like 军团要塞 经典 军团要塞 经典 was also affected, but appears to work almost perfectly fine aside from HUD scaling fixes were non-functional. And another one such as 反恐精英 反恐精英, which has been fixed to support the 25th anniversary update, may have other problems and issues that can crash the game. Additionally, mods that use custom OpenGL renderer (such as Paranoia Paranoia (non-Xash3D version) and older version of 恐惧之泣 恐惧之泣, etc...) will be also crashed on startup aswell (Issues #3710).
PlacementTip.png解决方案: To temporarily fix this, select the beta branch steam_legacy on 半衰期 (and in some games such as 反恐精英) by going to Half-Life > Properties... > Betas > select steam_legacy. Once those games has been fixed, you can opt out by set the beta branch to "None".
Icon-Bug.png错误:Overbright lighting (gl_overbright 1) is broken due to an OpenGL (en) extension used for multi-texturing, which is required for the detail textures (en) used by 反恐精英：零点行动 反恐精英：零点行动, 胜利之日 胜利之日, and some third-party mods.
This make the color less saturated and lighting much less brighter, as well as introduce chromatic aberration on brightly lit lightmaps.
The issue was fixed in the 25th anniversary update, which deprecated the gl_overbright 1 in favor of gl_use_shaders 1. However, there are more issues that was yet to be fixed with the new overbright lighting.
This issue can be also found on GLQuake (en), but for different reasons.
PlacementTip.png解决方案: To fix this for the older version of 半衰期 半衰期 (steam_legacy branch) and most standalone mods, see Pcgw icon.png Overbright lighting section in PCGamingWiki's Half-Life page for more information.
Icon-Important.png重要:Please note that using DLL-based solutions in VAC VAC-protected multiplayer servers may result in a false positive ban. Use -insecure (en) to disable VAC for local servers. This is not an issue for singleplayer, which is unaffected by VAC. Additionally, GPU driver hacks do not trigger VAC.
Note.png注意:Even though the overbright was properly fixed with the 25th anniversary update and with the November 19 hotfix patch, which fixes the brightness issues after enabling overbright, along with another one that fixed the underwater fog bug, models may not be affected by the overbright lighting.
Icon-Bug.png错误:On some systems running Windows Windows Vista or later, the engine may suffer from extremely low frame rates during gameplay, especially on Intel iGPUs.
PlacementTip.png解决方案:
Icon-Bug.png错误:Creative EAX and Aureal A3D Audio are no longer supported since SteamPipe (en) update in 2013. This also removes support for surround sound, and drastically impacts how certain DSP (en) effects sound (such as buzzing noises on DSP's Weirdo 1-3). A feature request about restoring EAX/A3D sound can be found at GitHub (issue #38).
PlacementTip.png解决方案: Use MetaAudio; see the Pcgw icon.png Audio section on PCGamingWiki's Half-Life page for more information.
Icon-Important.png重要:Please note that using MetaAudio in VAC VAC-protected multiplayer servers may result in a false positive ban. Use -insecure (en) to disable VAC for local servers. This is not an issue for singleplayer, which is unaffected by VAC.
Icon-Bug.png错误:Running any GoldSrc game other than 半衰期 半衰期 over around 100-120FPS or higher can cause issues with movable objects (and prior to October 8, 2019 update, NPC turn rate), being slower or faster. Player movements in 反恐精英 反恐精英, 反恐精英：零点行动 反恐精英：零点行动 and 零点行动 关卡模式 零点行动 关卡模式, after jumping, will be much slower than normal for few seconds.
Note.png注意:NPC turn rate bug will remains existed on most older, non-standalone mods (which was made on a older version of GoldSrc/HL SDK) when loaded on current version of HL1 (or other GoldSrc games) that have this bug fixed unless the dlls file (hl.dll and client.dll) on the mod folder itself was renamed. But keep in mind that this method may breaks some mods and cause it to crash, or made several new additions such as new weapons, new NPCs, etc... from the mod stops working.
Icon-Important.png重要:OpenGL (en) mode is somewhat different from software mode (en). Furthermore, the wave effect on water does not work with software renderer. See patbytes's "Half-Life - A Look at Water" on YouTube. Issue 2165.

花絮

  • "金源" 的名称来自 Source (en) 引擎。 半衰期发售的前几个月, 半条命引擎分为两个分支: Src 与 GoldSrc. 金源分支是代码库的gold master 版本, 并用于游戏的最终发布。Src 分支, comparatively, would be continually iterated upon, adding and changing features for use in the sequel (en), with the term "Source Engine" eventually being picked up by marketing.[1]

参见

外部链接

参考文献

  1. User talk:Erik Johnson (Revision as of 12:53, 1 September 2005)
  2. Half-Life 25th Anniversary Update
  3. Relation between Paranoia & COF
Retrieved from "https://developer.valvesoftware.com/w/index.php?title=Zh/GoldSrc&oldid=430730"