Note:Most first-party games don't have a copy of this tool; the version of the tool found in the old "SourceSDK" depot can still be used for any branch (all 4 included versions of xwad.exe are the same).
A copy of this command-line tool can be found in follwing folder: 
common\SourceSDK\bin\<branchname>\bin\xwad.exe
. This tool can convert WAD, BMP, and SPR files to TGA and accompanied VMT files, as well as call vtex to generate associated VTF files.
After running XWAD and converting the textures toVTF, use the Convert WAD to VMT... button in
Hammer 4.x File menu (not in
).
Caveats
Bug:Xwad always outputs pixels that used index 255 as transparent, even if they aren't flagged as such[Elaborate?]. Only textures that are flagged as transparent will have the transparent pixels modified to work better with texture filtering.
Workaround:Convert the output folder(s) to BGRA8888 using
VTFEdit, then use
VIDE's VTF converter to convert the textures that should be opaque to BGR565 or BGR888.
[todo tested in ?]
Readme
Help from xwad run without any parameters:
[-AutoDir]
Automatically detects -basedir and -wadfile or -bmpfile based
on the last parameter (it must be a WAD file or a BMP file.
[-decal]
Creates VMTs for decals and creates VMTs for model decals.
[-onlytex <tex name>]
[-shader <shader name>]
Specify the shader to use in the VMT file (default
is LightmappedGeneric.
[-vtex]
If -vtex is specified, then it calls vtex on each newly-created
.TGA file.
[-vmtparam <ParamName> <ParamValue>]
if -vtex was specified, passes the parameters to that process.
Used to add parameters to the generated .vmt file
-BaseDir <basedir>
-game <basedir>
Specifies where the root mod directory is.
-WadFile <wildcard>
-wadfile will make (power-of-2) TGAs, VTFs, and VMTs for each
texture in the WAD. It will also place them under a directory
with the name of the WAD. In addition, it will create
.resizeinfo files in the materials directory if it has to
resize the texture. Then Hammer's File->WAD To Material
command will use them to rescale texture coordinates.
-bmpfile <wildcard>
-bmpfile acts like -WadFile but for BMP files, and it'll place
them in the root materials directory.
-sprfile <wildcard>
Acts like -bmpfile, but ports a {{sprite}}.
-Transparent (BMP files only)
If this is set, then it will treat palette index 255 as a
transparent pixel.
-SubDir <subdirectory>
-SubDir tells it what directory under materials to place the
final art. If using a WAD file, then it will automatically
use the WAD filename if no -SubDir is specified.
-Quiet
Don't print out anything or wait for a keypress on exit.
ex: xwad.exe -vtex -BaseDir c:\hl2\dod -WadFile c:\hl1\dod\*.wad
ex: xwad.exe -vtex -BaseDir c:\hl2\dod -bmpfile test.bmp -SubDir models\props
ex: xwad.exe -vtex -vmtparam $ignorez 1 -BaseDir c:\hl2\dod -sprfile test.spr -SubDir sprites\props
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