Примеры
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An instance is a map (.vmf) file referenced inside another map through a func_instance
, possibly aided by a func_instance_parms
and/or func_instance_io_proxy
.
Примечание:While working inside Hammer for all Source games, instances are currently only supported by the map compilers for Left 4 Dead 2, Alien Swarm, Portal 2, Team Fortress 2, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, and Source 2013, and therefore will not work for any other games. To use them in unsupported games, see below.
Примечание:In branches before Left 4 Dead 2, instances have some broken or missing functionality: instance I/O system is unsupported, instances cannot be nested, displacements within an instance may not compile properly and any
env_cubemap
s inside of an instance will not be compiled into the final map.Экземпляры полезны во многих отношениях:
- Они предоставляют более динамичную альтернативу prefabs , так как любые изменения в экземпляре карты будут отражены во всех его экземплярах.
- Они предоставляют альтернативу visgroups , так как их можно использовать для разделения большой, громоздкой карты на несколько более мелких, управляемых (которые могут даже обрабатываться несколькими авторами одновременно).
- Они предоставляют простой способ редактировать части карты, которые должны быть под неортогональным углом. (Постройте карту на сетке внутри отдельной карты, а затем скопируйте ее на другую карту с помощью
func_instance
, повернутого на правильный угол. - They provide a way for maps to work on multiple platforms, such as Left 4 Dead and Left 4 Dead 2 versions of the same map.
How to
In Portal 2 to give input to an entity within a instance use this:
Or, alternatively, you can do this:
Manifests
[Нужно сделать]
Workaround for any Source game
To use instances in unsupported Engine versions, Metapyziks wrote a program that merges used instances with the main VMF.
Also see
- L4D2 Level Design/VMF Instances - A Valve tutorial on how to use instances in Left 4 Dead 2.
- Working with instances - A tutorial on how to use instances in Portal 2.