func_ladder
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func_ladder is an internal brush entity available in all 
Source games.
Differences
Before 
Left 4 Dead
When VBSP compiles the map, it converts func_ladder brushes into regular world brushes with added ladder contents, and an info_ladder entity is created with KVs indicating the bounding box of the ladder.
Because this type of info_ladder exists only in 
Source 2006 and 
Source 2007 this entity is obsolete.
Since Left 4 Dead
VBSP converts this to func_simpleladder which has its keyvalues set based on %CompileTeam and which side of the brush has a ladder texture. The brush contents are NOT altered and depend on %CompileLadder flag. The func_simpleladder entity only exists in 
Left 4 Dead series.
Usage
- Left 4 Dead series - Use this. See L4D_Level_Design/Ladders. Can also use func_brush if toggling it is neccessary but will be climbable from any side.
Half-Life 2 series, 
Portal Players or NPCs are unable to use ladder contents for climbing. Use func_useableladder instead.
Team Fortress 2, 
Portal 2, 
Alien Swarm - climbing not possible [confirm]. Needs workarounds Working_ladders#Brush-based_ladder_workaround- anything else - use func_detail (or func_brush if toggling is wanted) with a
tools/toolsinvisbleladdertexture (or other that has %CompileLadder).
Note:Non style climbing is prone to exploitation, as a player can travel up the ladder with two keys at once to travel faster up, and at the end of the ladder they will be flung.