Particle System Operators

Common Operators

Generally all particle systems need a movement_basic operator and a lifespan_decay. All particles need movement_basic in order to move at all. Also, without a lifespan_decay, particles will not be destroyed once their lifespan is up (the alpha_fade operator is an early operator that also includes lifespan_decay in it, so it also will provide the same function, thus a lifespan_decay isn't needed when used with an alpha_fade operator).

General Operations

Operator Fade In/Fade Out/Fade Oscillate - These are standard operators that work on all operators. Depending on the operator, the fade component may or may not work, but rather it may be a binary effect.

In and Out times are relative to the emitter lifespan, so an operator that fades in after 3 seconds does so relative to the emitters life, not the individual particle.

If an oscillation time is set, fade in and fade out times become 0.0 to 1.0 times relative to that oscillation time. That is if you wish your operator to oscillate in and out, setting an oscillation time of 4, a fade in of .25 and a fade out of .75 would mean that the operator has no effect for 1 second (one quarter the oscillation cycle time), works for 2 seconds (.25-.75), fades back out at 3 (three quarters of the oscillation cycle time), and then the cycle loops at the 4th second back to the start.

Operators

See Generic Operator Options for shared options.

Lifespan Decay

Deletes a particle when its lifespan expires. Takes no parameters. Without this or alpha_fade your particles will never expire.

Note that without a Decay operator of some sort (or one that, due to endcap settings, is never activated) that particles will never be killed. So even if a particle fully fades, scales to 0 radius, and has its life duration exceeded, without a Decay operator of some kind, those particles will continue to exist, costing memory and processing power. A quick way to ensure your particle system is correctly ending and cleaning itself up is to check the preview window in the editor. If your effect is looping there, it is functioning properly. If it appears to stop and never restart, it (or a child of it) lacks a proper Decay operator. For continuous or effects which use and EndCap, pressing the "Stop" button in the Particle Editor should cause it to play its EndCap and restart. The Particle Count is also a good indicator of whether particles are decaying or simply accumulating.

Alpha Fade and Decay

Fades a particle's alpha value to specified values over a specified time, then kills the particle.

start_alpha: The alpha that the particle will fade in from. It will fade to its initialized alpha.
end_alpha: The alpha the particle will fade out to.
start_fade_in_time: Time at which to begin to fade in (proportion of lifespan).
end_fade_in_time: Time at which to end to fade in (proportion of lifespan).
start_fade_out_time: Time at which to begin fading out the particle (proportion of lifespan).
end_fade_out_time: Time at which to end fading out the particle (proportion of lifespan).

Alpha Fade In Random

Fades a particle in from 0 alpha with random range of time in absolute or proportional time.

fade in time min: The minimum time the particle will fade in over.
fade in time max: The maximum time the particle will fade in over.
fade in time exponent: A bias to the random range which alters the distribution curve.
proportional 0/1: This allows the fade in time range to be treated as a fraction of the lifespan of the particle (1) or absolute seconds (0).

Alpha Fade Out Random

Fades a particle out from it's initial alpha to 0 with random range of time in absolute or proportional time. Proportion or absolute time is calculated from the end of the particle's lifespan. For example, a .25 setting in proportional mode will cause the particle to fade over the last quarter of its lifespan, while 2 in nonproportional would be the last 2 seconds of its life. --alpha_fade_out does not include a lifespan_decay--

fade out time min: The minimum time the particle will fade in over.
fade out time max: The maximum time the particle will fade in over.
fade out time exponent: A bias to the random range which alters the distribution curve.
proportional 0/1: This allows the fade out time range to be treated as a fraction of the lifespan of the particle (1) or absolute seconds (0).

Clamp Scalar

Restricts the target scalar parameter value to be in between these values.

output field: The scalar parameter to clamp. This can be radius, roll, etc.
output maximum: The maximum value the output parameter is restricted by.
output minimum: The minimum value the output parameter is restricted by.

Color Fade

Fades the color of a particle to a target color over a given amount of time.

color_fade: Color to fade to.
color_fade_time: Time over which to fade the color (seconds).
fade_start_time: Once this point in time is reached in the particles lifetime, the particle will be fully it's original color. If this value is greater than "fade_end_time" the particle will stay it's original color.
fade_end_time: Once this point in time is reached in the particles lifetime, the particle will be fully affected by the color of "color_fade". If this value is greater than "fade_start_time" then the particle will remain the color of "color_fade".

Cull when crossing plane

Prevents particles from existing beyond this plane. (Useful for killing particles that won't ever be seen, like in geometry)

Control Point for point on plane: Draws the plane at this control point.
Cull plane offset: Offsets the plane based on the plane normal. (negative values offset the plane "backwards"; positive values offset the plane "forwards")
Plane Normal: The orientation in which the plane should be drawn.

Cull when crossing sphere

Prevents particles from existing beyond this sphere.

Particles outside this sphere cannot exist

Control Point: Draws the sphere at this control point.
Control Point Offset: Offsets the spheres position.
Cull Distance: The size of the sphere from its control point.
Cull inside instead of outside 0/1: Prevents particles from existing within the sphere instead of outside the sphere.

Lerp Initial Scalar

Linearly interpolate to the target scalar value

end time: The progress in the particles lifetime to reach the lerp value
output field: The scalar value to affect
start time: The progress in the particles lifetime to start interpolating to the lerp value
value to lerp to: The scalar value to lerp to

Lerp Initial Vector

Linearly interpolate to the target vector value

end time: The progress in the particles lifetime to reach the lerp value
output field: The vector value to affect
start time: The progress in the particles lifetime to start interpolating to the lerp value
value to lerp to: The vector value to lerp to

Lifespan Maintain Count Decay

Similar to lifespan decay, but randomly selects particles to kill in order to maintain a set count. (Good for killing some particles prematurely, and works well in conjunction with emit_instantaneously.)

count to maintain: The amount of particles that will remain.
decay delay: The time it takes for the particles to decay completely.
maintain count scale control point: ^[Todo]
maintain count scale control point field: ^[Todo]

Lifespan Minimum Radius Decay

Kills any particles that reach below this radius.

minimum radius: The radius value to read.

Lifespan Minimum Velocity Decay

Kills any particles that reach below this speed.

minimum velocity: The speed to read.

Movement Basic

Allows for basic movement of the particle through space.

gravity: Gravity to apply to the particle.
drag: Drag to apply to the velocity of the particle.

Rotation Basic

A prerequisite for particles to rotate continuously.

Rotation Orient Relative to CP

Spins the particle in the given rotation field to orientate towards the target control point.

Control point: The control point to "look" at.
rotation field: Roll, Roll Speed, Yaw, Pitch
Rotation Offset: Offset the rotation by this many degrees
Spin Strength: The amount of "force" to use when orientating to the control point

Rotation Orient to 2D Direction

Spins the particle in the given rotation field to orientate to an infinite direction.

rotation field: Roll, Roll Speed, Yaw, Pitch
Rotation Offset: Offset the rotation by this many degrees
Spin Strength: The amount of "force" to use when orientating to the look direction

Rotation Spin Roll

Adds rotational spin to individual particles, including spinning down and minimum spin.

spin_rate_degrees: Rate at which to spin (degrees).
spin_stop_time: Time at which to be at the minimum speed (seconds).
spin_rate_min: Minimum spin to be at when the stop time is past (degrees).

Rotation Spin Yaw

Adds rotational spin to individual particle's yaw axis, including spinning down and minimum spin. Works just like the roll rotation spin.

spin_rate_degrees: Rate at which to spin (degrees).
spin_stop_time: Time at which to be at the minimum speed (seconds).
spin_rate_min: Minimum spin to be at when the stop time is past (degrees).

Radius Scale

Scales the radius of the particle over time.

start_time: Time at which to begin the scaling (second).
end_time: Time at which to end the scaling (seconds).
radius_start_scale: Scale value at the beginning of the scaling.
radius_end_scale: Scale value at the end of the scaling.
ease_in_and_out: Spline scaling curve.
scale_bias: Bias the curve towards either end (0..1).

Movement Rotate Particle Around Axis

Similar to Rotation Spin Yaw and Rotation Spin Roll, but rotates all active particles around a given axis (or axes).

Rotation Axis: Vector. Spin about X Y and/or Z axis. Can rotate around multiple axes at once, which can produce interesting patterns (especially when particles are given some speed on initialization).
Rotation Rate: Speed at which to spin, in degrees.

Movement Lock to Controlpoint

Forces the position of a particle to that of some control point on the emitter.

start_fadeout_min: Bottom range of time to start fading out the lock (leave the particle behind).
start_fadeout_max: Top range of time to start fading out the lock (leave the particle behind).
end_fadeout_min: Bottom range of time to end fading out the lock. Particle will be fully disengaged from the control points movement at this point.
end_fadeout_max: Top range of time to end fading out the lock. Particle will be fully disengaged from the control points movement at this point.
start/end exponents: Bias on the selection within the range.
control point number: Which control point to lock to
fade distance: Particles will detach as they approach this distance
lock rotation: This will update a particle relative to a Control Point's rotation as well as position.

Movement Lock to Bone

Lock to Bone works like the Position Lock to Control Point operator, but is used in combination with the random position on model initializer. Given a particle is emitted from a particular bone, it will update its position based on the specific movement of that bone. Excellent for player auras or burning players.

control_point_number: The control point that references the model in question.
lifetime start fade: The time at which to start fading the lock - relative to particle lifespan (0-1).
lifetime end fade: The time at which to end (fully detach) the lock - relative to particle lifespan (0-1).

Normalize Vector

Divides the specified vector's length into a Unit Vector.

output field: The vector parameter to normalize. This can be (Position, Color, etc).
scale factor: How much to scale by when normalizing the vector.

Oscillate Scalar

Oscillates a scalar output value at a certain rate and frequency. This can be used to creating flashing, glowing, pulsing particles or more subtle effects. The start and end timings are useful for creating an effect which occurs only once other operators have reached a desired effect, etc. Multiple oscillators of the same type can be applied to create multiple levels of effects (such as a particle which slowly pulses between small and large, but is also constantly minorly jittering in size as it does so).

Scalars are mapped to a sin wave oscillation. A few sample frequencies have been marked.

proportional: This bool sets whether to oscillate at the specified frequency over the lifespan of the particle (1) or per second (0)
oscillation frequency max: Top range of frequency of oscillation. Depending on whether proportional is set, this frequency will map to the lifespan of the particle or per second. A high frequency will cause the particle to strobe, while anything lower than .25 can be used to apply a more constant direction of the rate rather than an oscillating effect.
oscillation frequency min: Bottom range of frequency of oscillation. Depending on whether proportional is set, this frequency will map to the lifespan of the particle or per second. A high frequency will cause the particle to strobe, while anything lower than .25 can be used to apply a more constant direction of the rate rather than an oscillating effect.
oscillation rate max: Top range of rate of change applied. This defines how much the particular output field changes per frame. Some fields (such as alpha) will be automatically clamped from 0.0 to 1.0, while others, such as radius, are not capped.
oscillation rate min: Bottom range of rate of change applied. This defines how much the particular output field changes per frame. Some fields (such as alpha) will be automatically clamped from 0.0 to 1.0, while others, such as radius, are not capped.
oscillation field: What parameter is oscillated. This can be alpha, radius, roll, etc.
start time min/max: A range defining when to start applying the oscillation. Start/End proportional flag defines whether this is relative to the lifespan of the particle or a strict time in seconds.
end time min/max: A range defining when to stop applying the oscillation. Start/End proportional flag defines whether this is relative to the lifespan of the particle or a strict time in seconds.
oscillation multiplier: This is a simple multiplier for the oscillation rate min/maxes.
oscillation start phase: This is where on the sin curve oscillation begins.

Oscillate Vector

Oscillates a vector output value at a certain rate and frequency. This can be used to create weaving, squiggling particles and so forth. The start and end timings are useful for creating an effect which occurs only once other operators have reached a desired effect. Multiple oscillators of the same type can be applied to create multiple levels of effects (such as a bug particle which slowly weaves about on a large scale at random and squiggles constantly as it moves).

Scalars are mapped to a sin wave oscillation. A few sample frequencies have been marked.

proportional: This bool sets whether to oscillate at the specified frequency over the lifespan of the particle (1) or per second (0)
oscillation frequency max: Top range of frequency of oscillation. Depending on whether proportional is set, this frequency will map to the lifespan of the particle or per second. A high frequency will cause the particle to quickly move back and forth, while anything lower than .25 can be used to apply a more constant direction of the rate rather than an oscillating effect.
oscillation frequency min: Bottom range of frequency of oscillation. Depending on whether proportional is set, this frequency will map to the lifespan of the particle or per second. A high frequency will cause the particle to quickly move back and forth, while anything lower than .25 can be used to apply a more constant direction of the rate rather than an oscillating effect.
oscillation rate max: Top range of rate of change applied. This defines how much the particular output field changes per frame. Color will be automatically clamped from 0 to 255, while position is not capped.
oscillation rate min: Bottom range of rate of change applied. This defines how much the particular output field changes per frame. Color will be automatically clamped from 0 to 255, while position is not capped.
oscillation field: What parameter is oscillated. This can be color or position.
start time min/max: A range defining when to start applying the oscillation. Start/End proportional flag defines whether this is relative to the lifespan of the particle or a strict time in seconds.
end time min/max: A range defining when to stop applying the oscillation. Start/End proportional flag defines whether this is relative to the lifespan of the particle or a strict time in seconds.
oscillation multiplier: This is a simple multiplier for the oscillation rate min/maxes.
oscillation start phase: This is where on the sin curve oscillation begins.

Remap Control Point Direction to Vector

Remaps the angles of the targeted control point to a vector parameter

control point number: The control point to look for.
output field: The vector parameter to change. This can be (color, position, normal, etc).
scale factor: The rate at which the output field is scaled by.

Remap Distance Between Two Control Points to Scalar

Similar to Distance to control point, except a start and end control point can be specified.

control point: The control point to look for.
distance maximum: The maximum distance a particle can be affected by its control point.
distance minimum: The minimum distance a particle can be affected by its control point.
ending control point: The ending control point to look for
ensure line of sight 0/1: Should the line of sight to its control point be considered.
LOS collision group: The collision type to use when tracing.
LOS Failure scalar: ^[Todo]
Maximum trace length: The maximum length to trace for.
output field: The scalar parameter to write to. This can be (Radius, position, etc).
output is scalar of current value: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value instead acts additionally to the current value.
output is scalar of initial random range: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value is multiplied against the initial output field value.
output maximum: The upper end to map to.
output minimum: The lower end to map to.
starting control point: The starting control point to look for

Remap Distance to Control Point to Scalar

Determines the distance of a given control point to its particle to change a given scalar value. (Good for making particles that are closer to a control point smaller)

control point: The control point to look for.
distance maximum: The maximum distance a particle can be affected from its control point.
distance minimum: The minimum distance a particle can be affected from its control point.
ensure line of sight 0/1: Should the line of sight to its control point be considered.
LOS collision group: The collision type to use when tracing.
LOS Failure scalar: ^[Todo]
Maximum trace length: The maximum length to trace for.
output field: The scalar parameter to write to. This can be (Radius, position, etc).
output is scalar of current value: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value instead acts additionally to the current value.
Note: Make sure the item hierarchy for your operators is correct to get expected results!

output is scalar of initial random range: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value is multiplied against the initial output field value.
output maximum: The upper end to map to.
output minimum: The lower end to map to.

Remap Scalar

Copy's the input scalar value to the output scalar value

input field: The scalar value to read from
input maximum: The maximum value to read from
input minimum: The minimum value to read from
output field: The scalar value to write to
output maximum: The maximum value to write to
output minimum: The minimum value to write to

Remap Speed To Scalar

Remaps the speed value of the particles to a scalar value. (Useful for making effects correlate to a particles speed)

input maximum: The maximum speed to read from
input minimum: The minimum speed to read from
output field: The scalar value to write to
output is scalar of current value: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value instead acts additionally to the current value.
output is scalar of initial random range: Rather than overwriting the original value of the output field, the remapped value is multiplied against the initial output field value.
output maximum: The maximum allowed scalar value to be mapped to
output minimum: The minimum allowed scalar value to be mapped to

Movement Dampen Relative to Control Point

This operator suppresses movement as a particle approaches the specified control point. This can be used with lock to control point (and it's distance fade option) to have CPs "capture" particles near them and draw them along with them. It can also lock endpoints of a line of particles while allowing the middle section to move freely.

control_point_number: The control point to dampen relative to.
falloff range: The distance over which the dampening will fall off.
dampen scale: The strength of the movement dampening.

Set Control Point Positions

Allows a particle system to configure its own control points.

<nth> Control Point Number: The CP being affected.
Warning:Setting this to -1 was causing crashes in
<nth> Control Point Parent: Specify another CP to act as a movement parent. Leave at zero to use the system's origin.
<nth> Control Point Location: Vector coordinates for the CP
Set positions in world space: When true, CP locations are relative to the world. When false, they are relative to the system's local origin.
Control Point to offset positions from: CP locations are offsets from this CP's location.
Todo: Updated over time or one-shot?

Set Control Point to Particles' Center

Locks a control point to the center of this system's particle cloud.

Control Point Number to Set
Center Offset: The control point to set, and an optional worldspace offset.

Set Control Point To Player

Tries to find a !player

Todo: Confirm?

When found the player origin can be set as a control point.

Control Point Number: The control point to attribute to the player.
Control Point Offset: Offsets the control points position.
Use Eye Orientation 0/1: Todo: Does this work?

Set Control points from particles positions

Dynamically offsets this systems own control point positions to remain relative to its bounding box origin.

# of control points to set: The amount of control points to offset.
First control point to set: The control point number to start counting the amount of control points to offset. (Any control points below this number, will not be offset)
first particle to copy: Allows the control points to offset if the particle count exceeds this number.
set orientation 0/1: ^[Todo]

Stop Effect after Duration

Stops the particle effect after a set time.

Control Point Field X/Y/Z: ^[Todo]
Control Point to Scale Duration: ^[Todo]
Destroy All Particles Immediately 0/1: Whether to kill the particles instantly.
Duration at which to Stop: The time in seconds till the emitter stops.
Play End Cap Effect 0/1: Whether to use operator end cap states when the effect stops.

Inherit Attribute From Parent Particle

Copy's attribute values from its respective parent particle.

Inherited Field: Position, Radius, etc.
Particle Increment Amount: The amount of particles to spawn before looking for a new particle to inherit from.
Random Parent Particle Distribution: Whether to randomly select particles to copy from.
Scale: Scale the inherited value.

Ramp Scalar Linear Simple

Alters the particles scalar values with a linear ramp.

end time: The progress in the particles lifetime to stop the ramp. 0-1
rate field: Position, Radius, etc.
Note:Using lifetime duration as the scalar field will essentially make the particle lifetime infinite as long as the end time value is equal to or greater than 1.
ramp rate: How fast to adjust the value in the particle field.
start time: The progress in the particles lifetime to start the ramp. 0-1

Cull relative to neighboring particles

Prevents particles from spawning near each other.

cull distance: The distance per particle to cull from.

Cycle Scalar

Essentially a sine wave for scalar values. Can also sync scalar values to all particles within the system.

^[Todo]

Dampen Movement Relative to Plane

Dampens movement of particles beyond an invisible plane.

^[Todo]

Remap Chladni Wave to Scalar

Uses a Chladni wave to affect the particles scalar value.

^[Todo]

Remap Density to vector

Remaps the "density" or number of particles within a radius to vector values.

^[Todo]

Remap particle count to scalar

Remaps the the particle count to scalar value.

^[Todo]

Read attribute from neighboring particle

Reads scalar value from nearby particles and writes to another scalar value.

^[Todo]

Movement skin to bones

Locks particle movement to the bones on a model (extremely useful for having particles follow a model's animation appropriately)

^[Todo]

Particle System Operators

Common Operators

General Operations

Operators

Lifespan Decay

Alpha Fade and Decay

Alpha Fade In Random

Alpha Fade Out Random

Clamp Scalar

Color Fade

Cull when crossing plane

Cull when crossing sphere

Lerp Initial Scalar

Lerp Initial Vector

Lifespan Maintain Count Decay

Lifespan Minimum Radius Decay

Lifespan Minimum Velocity Decay

Movement Basic

Rotation Basic

Rotation Orient Relative to CP

Rotation Orient to 2D Direction

Rotation Spin Roll

Rotation Spin Yaw

Radius Scale

Movement Rotate Particle Around Axis

Movement Lock to Controlpoint

Movement Lock to Bone

Normalize Vector

Oscillate Scalar

Oscillate Vector

Remap Control Point Direction to Vector

Remap Distance Between Two Control Points to Scalar

Remap Distance to Control Point to Scalar

Remap Scalar

Remap Speed To Scalar

Movement Dampen Relative to Control Point

Set Control Point Positions

Set Control Point to Particles' Center

Set Control Point To Player

Set Control points from particles positions

Stop Effect after Duration

Inherit Attribute From Parent Particle

Ramp Scalar Linear Simple

Cull relative to neighboring particles

Cycle Scalar

Dampen Movement Relative to Plane

Remap Chladni Wave to Scalar

Remap Density to vector

Remap particle count to scalar

Read attribute from neighboring particle

Movement skin to bones

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