Dota Bot Scripting

Overview

Bot scripting in Dota is done via lua scripting. This is done at the server level, so there's no need to do things like examine screen pixels or simulate mouse clicks; instead scripts can query the game state and issue orders directly to units. Scripts have full access to all the entity locations, cooldowns, mana values, etc that a player on that team would expect to. The API is restricted such that scripts can't cheat -- units in FoW can't be queried, commands can't be issued to units the script doesn't control, etc.

There is a dev subforum for bot scripting now.

In addition to lua scripting, the underlying C++ bot code still exists, and scripts can decide how much or little of the underlying bot structure to use.

Bots are organized into three levels of evaluation and decisionmaking:

Team Level

This is code that determines how much the overall team wants to push each lane, defend each lane, farm each lane, or kill Roshan. These desires exist independent of the state of any of the bots. They are not authoritative; that is, they do not dictate any actions taken by any of the bots. They are instead just desires that the bots can use for decisionmaking.

Mode Level

Modes are the high-level desires that individual bots are constantly evaluating, with the highest-scoring mode being their currently active mode. Examples of modes are laning, trying to kill a unit, farming, retreating, and pushing a tower.

Action Level

Actions are the individual things that bots are actively doing on a moment-to-moment basis. These loosely correspond to mouse clicks or button presses -- things like moving to a location, or attacking a unit, or using an ability, or purchasing an item.

The overall flow is that the team level is providing top-level guidance on the current strategy of the team. Each bot is then evaluating their desire score for each of its modes, which are taking into account both the team-level desires as well as bot-level desires. The highest scoring mode becomes the active mode, which is solely responsible for issuing actions for the bot to perform.

Directory Structure

All in-development bot scripts live in the game/dota/scripts/vscripts/bots directory within your Dota 2 install. When you upload your bot script to the workshop, it will upload the contents of this directory. Downloaded scripts live in their own location within your Steam install.

The bot scripting API is structured such that there are multiple elements that can be independently implemented by bot scripts. What logic is overriden is determined by which functions you implement and the files in which they are implemented.

Each of the following scripting elements has its own script scope.

Complete takeover

If you'd like to completely take over control of a hero, you can implement a Think() function in a file called bot_generic.lua, which is called every frame in lieu of the normal bot thinking code. This will completely take over all bots -- no team-level or mode-level thinking will happen. You will be responsible for issuing all action-level commands to all bots. If you'd like to just take over a specific hero's bot, for example Lina, you can implement a Think() function in a file called bot_lina.lua.

Bots that have been completely taken over still respect the difficulty modifiers (see Appendix B), and still calculate their estimated damage.

Mode Override

If you'd like to work within the existing mode architecture but override the logic for mode desire and behavior, for example the Laning mode, you can implement the following functions in a mode_laning_generic.lua file:

GetDesire() - Called every ~300ms, and needs to return a floating-point value between 0 and 1 that indicates how much this mode wants to be the active mode.
OnStart() - Called when a mode takes control as the active mode.
OnEnd() - Called when a mode relinquishes control to another active mode.
Think() - Called every frame while this is the active mode. Responsible for issuing actions for the bot to take.

You can additionally just override the mode logic for a specific hero, such as Lina, with a mode_laning_lina.lua file. Please see Appendix A for implementation details if you'd like to chain calls from a hero-specific mode override back to a generic mode override.

The list of valid bot modes to override are:

laning
attack
roam
retreat
secret_shop
side_shop
rune
push_tower_top
push_tower_mid
push_tower_bot
defend_tower_top
defend_tower_mid
defend_tower_bot
assemble
team_roam
farm
defend_ally
evasive_maneuvers
roshan
item
ward

Ability and Item usage

If you'd like to just override decisionmaking around ability and item usage, you can implement the following functions in an ability_item_usage_generic.lua file:

ItemUsageThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for issuing item usage actions.
AbilityUsageThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for issuing ability usage actions.
CourierUsageThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for issuing commands to the courier.
BuybackUsageThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for issuing a command to buyback.
AbilityLevelUpThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for managing ability leveling.

If any of these functions are not implemented, it will fall back to the default C++ implementation.

You can additionally just override the ability/item usage logic for a single hero, such as Lina, with an ability_item_usage_lina.lua file. Please see Appendix A for implementation details if you'd like to chain calls from a hero-specific item/ability implementation back to a generic item/ability implementation.

Minion Control

If you would like to override minions, which are illusions, summoned units, dominated units, etc. Basically anything that's under control of your hero. But not couriers. Then you can override the think function inside your hero file.

MinionThink( hMinionUnit )

This function will be called once per frame for every minion under control by a bot. For example, if you implemented it in bot_beastmaster.lua, it would constantly get called both for your boar and hawk while they're summoned and alive. The handle to the bear/hawk unit is passed in as hMinionUnit. Action commands that are usable on your hero are usable on the passed-in hMinionUnit.

Item Purchasing

If you'd like to just override decisionmaking around item purchasing, you can implement the following function in an item_purchase_generic.lua file:

ItemPurchaseThink() - Called every frame. Responsible for purchasing items.

You can additionally just override the item purchasing logic for a single hero, such as Lina, with an item_purchase_lina.lua file.

Team Level Desires

If you'd like to supply team-level desires, you can implement the following functions in a team_desires.lua file:

TeamThink() - Called every frame. Provides a single think call for your entire team.
UpdatePushLaneDesires() - Called every frame. Returns floating point values between 0 and 1 that represent the desires for pushing the top, middle, and bottom lanes, respectively.
UpdateDefendLaneDesires() - Called every frame. Returns floating point values between 0 and 1 that represent the desires for defending the top, middle, and bottom lanes, respectively.
UpdateFarmLaneDesires() - Called every frame. Returns floating point values between 0 and 1 that represent the desires for farming the top, middle, and bottom lanes, respectively.
UpdateRoamDesire() - Called every frame. Returns a floating point value between 0 and 1 and a unit handle that represents the desire for someone to roam and gank a specified target.
UpdateRoshanDesire() - Called every frame. Returns a floating point value between 0 and 1 that represents the desire for the team to kill Roshan.

If any of these functions are not implemented, it will fall back to the default C++ implementation.

Hero Selection

If you'd like to handle hero picking and lane assignment, you can implement the following functions in a hero_selection.lua file:

Think() - Called every frame. Responsible for selecting heroes for bots.
UpdateLaneAssignments() - Called every frame prior to the game starting. Returns ten PlayerID-Lane pairs.
GetBotNames() - Called once, returns a table of player names.

Uploading scripts to the Workshop

Scripts can be uploaded to the workshop using the Workshop Tools DLC. You will need to make sure that this option is selected in the DLC section of Dota 2 in Steam.

Once installed, when launching Dota 2 you will see a "Launch Dota 2 - Tools" option. This will launch the workshop tools, which now has a section for uploading your bot scripts. This will upload the entire contents of your scripts/bots directory, under a specific name and description. The description can be updated, but the title cannot! Once uploaded, your scripts will show up to all Dota 2 users in the dialog that appears when they select Browse On Workshop when selecting bots in a private lobby. They will be able to upvote and subscribe to your bot scripting, and select it for their games.

API Reference

There are few useful files located in the game\dota\scripts\npc folder inside your Dota 2 install directory:

npc_abilities.txt - all the abilities in the game, and their parameters
npc_heroes.txt - all the heroes in the game
npc_units.txt - all the non-hero units in the game

Note: In the following documentation, hUnit indicates a handle to a unit, and hAbility indicates a handle to an ability. hItem is used interchangably with hAbility -- under the hood abilities and items are largely the same.

GLOBAL FUNCTIONS

hUnit GetBot()

Returns a handle to the bot on which the script is currently being run (if applicable).

int GetTeam()

Returns the team for which the script is currently being run. If it's being run on a bot, returns the team of that bot.

{int, ...} GetTeamPlayers( nTeam )

Returns a table of the Player IDs on the specified team

hUnit GetTeamMember( nPlayerNumberOnTeam )

Returns a handle to the Nth player on the team.

bool IsTeamPlayer( nPlayerID )

Returns whether the player is on Radiant or Dire

bool IsPlayerBot( nPlayerID )

Returns whether the specified playerID is a bot.

int GetTeamForPlayer( nPlayerID )

Returns the team for the specified playerID

{ hUnit, ... } GetUnitList( nUnitType )

Returns a list of units matching the specified unit type. Please keep in mind performance considerations when using GetUnitList(). The function itself is reasonably fast because it will build the lists on-demand and no more than once per frame, but the lists can be long and performing logic on all units (or even all creeps) can easily get pretty slow.

float DotaTime()

Returns the game time. Matches game clock. Pauses with game pause.

float GameTime()

Returns the time since the hero picking phase started. Pauses with game pause.

float RealTime()

Returns the real-world time since the app has started. Does not pause with game pause.

float GetUnitToUnitDistance( hUnit1, hUnit2 )

Returns the distance between two units.

float GetUnitToUnitDistanceSqr( hUnit1, hUnit2 )

Returns the squared distance between two units.

float GetUnitToLocationDistance( hUnit, vLocation )

Returns the distance between a unit and a location.

float GetUnitToLocationDistanceSqr( hUnit, vLocation )

Returns the squared distance between a unit and a location.

{ distance, closest_point, within } PointToLineDistance( vStart, vEnd, vPoint )

Returns a table containing the distance to the line segment, the closest point on the line segment, and whether the point is "within" the line segment (that is, the closest point is not one of the endpoints).

{ float, float, float, float } GetWorldBounds()

Returns a table containing the min X, min Y, max X, and max Y bounds of the world.

bool IsLocationPassable( vLocation )

Returns whether the specified location is passable.

bool IsRadiusVisible( vLocation, fRadius )

Returns whether a circle of the specified radius at the specified location is visible.

bool IsLocationVisible( vLocation )

Returns whether the specified location is visible.

int GetHeightLevel( vLocation )

Returns the height value (1 through 5) of the specified location.

{ { string, vector }, ... } GetNeutralSpawners()

Returns a table containing a list of camp-type and location pairs. Camp types are one of "basic_N", "ancient_N", "basic_enemy_N", "ancient_enemy_N", where N counts up from 0.

int GetItemCost( sItemName )

Returns the cost of the specified item.

bool IsItemPurchasedFromSecretShop( sItemName )

Returns if the specified item is purchased from the secret shops.

bool IsItemPurchasedFromSideShop( sItemName )

Returns if the specified item can be purchased from the side shops.

int GetItemStockCount( sItemName )

Returns the current stock count of the specified item.

{ { hItem, hOwner, nPlayer, vLocation }, ...} GetDroppedItemList()

Returns a table of tables that list the item, owner, and location of items that have been dropped on the ground.

float GetPushLaneDesire( nLane )

Returns the team's current desire to push the specified lane.

float GetDefendLaneDesire( nLane )

Returns the team's current desire to defend the specified lane.

float GetFarmLaneDesire( nLane )

Returns the team's current desire to farm the specified lane.

float GetRoamDesire()

Returns the team's current desire to roam to a target.

hUnit GetRoamTarget()

Returns the team's current roam target.

float GetRoshanDesire()

Returns the team's current desire to kill Roshan.

int GetGameState()

Returns the current game state.

float GetGameStateTimeRemaining()

Returns how much time is remaining in the current game state, if applicable.

int GetGameMode()

Returns the current game mode.

int GetHeroPickState()

Returns the current hero pick state.

bool IsPlayerInHeroSelectionControl( nPlayerID )

Returns whether the specified player is in selection control when picking a hero.

SelectHero( nPlayerID, sHeroName )

Selects a hero for the specified player.

string GetSelectedHeroName( nPlayerID )

Returns the name of the hero the specified player has selected.

bool IsInCMBanPhase()

Returns whether we're in a Captains Mode ban phase.

bool IsInCMPickPhase()

Returns whether we're in a Captains Mode pick phase.

float GetCMPhaseTimeRemaining()

Gets the time remaining in the current Captains Mode phase.

int GetCMCaptain()

Gets the Player ID of the Captains Mode Captain.

SetCMCaptain( nPlayerID )

Gets the Captains Mode Captain to the specified Player ID.

bool IsCMBannedHero( sHeroName )

Returns whether the specified hero has been banned in a Captains Mode game.

bool IsCMPickedHero( nTeam, sHeroName )

Returns whether the specified hero has been picked in a Captains Mode game.

CMBanHero( sHeroName )

Bans the specified hero in a Captains Mode game.

CMPickHero( sHeroName )

Picks the specified hero in a Captains Mode game.

int RandomInt( nMin, nMax )

Returns a random integer between nMin and nMax, inclusive.

float RandomFloat( fMin, fMax )

Returns a random float between nMin and nMax, inclusive.

vector RandomVector( fLength )

Returns a vector of fLength pointing in a random direction in the X/Y axis.

bool RollPercentage( nChance )

Rolls a numbmer from 1 to 100 and returns whether it is less than or equal to the specified number.

float Min( fOption1, fOption2 )

Returns the smaller of fOption1 and fOption2.

float Max( fOption1, fOption2 )

Returns the larger of fOption1 and fOption2.

float Clamp( fValue, fMin, fMax )

Returns fValue clamped within the bounds of fMin and fMax.

float RemapVal( fValue, fFromMin, fFromMax, fToMin, fToMax )

Returns fValue linearly remapped onto fFrom to fTo.

float RemapValClamped( fValue, fFromMin, fFromMax, fToMin, fToMax )

Returns fValue linearly remapped onto fFrom to fTo, while also clamping within their bounds.

int GetUnitPotentialValue( hUnit, vLocation, fRadius )

Gets the 0-255 potential location value of a hero at the specified location and radius.

bool IsCourierAvailable()

Returns if the courier is available to use.

int GetNumCouriers()

Returns the number of team couriers

hCourier GetCourier( nCourier )

Returns a handle to the specified courier (zero based index)

int GetCourierState( hCourier )

Returns the current state of the specified courier.

vector GetTreeLocation( nTree )

Returns the specified tree location.

vector GetRuneSpawnLocation( nRuneLoc )

Returns the location of the specified rune spawner.

vector GetShopLocation( nTeam, nShop )

Returns the location of the specified shop.

float GetTimeOfDay()

Returns the time of day -- 0.0 is midnight, 0.5 is noon.

hUnit GetTower( nTeam, nTower )

Returns the specified tower.

hUnit GetBarracks( nTeam, nBarracks )

Returns the specified barracks.

hUnit GetShrine( nTeam, nShrine )

Returns the specified shrine.

hUnit GetAncient( nTeam )

Returns the specified ancient.

float GetGlyphCooldown()

Get the current Glyph cooldown in seconds. Will return 0 if it is off cooldown.

float GetRoshanKillTime()

Get the last time that Roshan was killed.

float GetLaneFrontAmount( nTeam, nLane, bIgnoreTowers )

Return the lane front amount (0.0 - 1.0) of the specified team's creeps along the specified lane. Optionally can ignore towers.

vector GetLaneFrontLocation( nTeam, nLane, fDeltaFromFront )

Returns the location of the lane front for the specified team and lane. Always ignores towers. Has a third parameter for a distance delta from the front.

vector GetLocationAlongLane( nLane, fAmount )

Returns the location the specified amount (0.0 - 1.0) along the specified lane.

{ amount, distance } GetAmountAlongLane( nLane, vLocation )

Returns the amount (0.0 - 1.0) along a lane, and distance from the lane of the specified location.

int GetOpposingTeam()

Returns the opposing Team ID.

bool IsHeroAlive( nPlayerID )

Returns whether the specified PlayerID's hero is alive.

int GetHeroLevel( nPlayerID )

Returns the specified PlayerID's hero's level.

int GetHeroKills( nPlayerID )

Returns the specified PlayerID's hero's kill count.

int GetHeroDeaths( nPlayerID )

Returns the specified PlayerID's hero's death count.

int GetHeroAssists( nPlayerID )

Returns the specified PlayerID's hero's assists count.

{ {location, time_since_seen}, ...} GetHeroLastSeenInfo( nPlayerID )

Returns a table containing a list of locations and time_since_seen members, each representing the last seen location of a hero that player controls.

{ {location, caster, player, ability, velocity, radius, handle }, ... } GetLinearProjectiles()

Returns a table containing info about all visible linear projectiles.

{ location, caster, player, ability, velocity, radius } GetLinearProjectileByHandle( nProjectileHandle )

Returns a table containing info about the specified linear projectile.

{ {location, ability, caster, radius }, ... } GetAvoidanceZones()

Returns a table containing info about all visible avoidance zones.

int GetRuneType( nRuneLoc )

Returns the rune type of the rune at the specified location, if known.

int GetRuneStatus( nRuneLoc )

Returns the status of the rune at the specified location.

float GetRuneTimeSinceSeen( nRuneLoc )

Returns how long it's been since we've seen the rune at the specified location.

float GetShrineCooldown( hShrine )

Returns the current cooldown of the specified Shrine.

bool IsShrineHealing( hShrine )

Returns whether the specified shrine is currently healing.

int AddAvoidanceZone( vLocationAndRadius )

Adds an avoidance zone for use with GeneratePath(). Takes a Vector with x and y as a 2D location, and z as as radius. Returns a handle to the avoidance zone.

RemoveAvoidanceZone( hAvoidanceZone )

Removes the specified avoidance zone.

GeneratePath( vStart, vEnd, tAvoidanceZones, funcCompletion )

Pathfinds from vStar to vEnd, avoiding all the specified avoidance zones and the ones specified with AddAvoidanceZone. Will call funcCompltion when done, which is a function that has two parameters: a distance of the path, and a table that contains all the waypoints of the path. If the pathfind fails, it will call that function with a distance of 0 and an empty waypoint table.

DebugDrawLine( vStart, vEnd, nRed, nGreen, nBlue )

Draws a line from vStar to vEnd in the specified color for one frame.

DebugDrawCircle( vCenter, fRadius, nRed, nGreen, nBlue )

Draws a circle at vCenter with radius fRadius in the specified color for one frame.

DebugDrawText( fScreenX, fScreenY, sText, nRed, nGreen, nBlue )

Draws the specified text at fScreenX, fScreenY on the screen in the specified color for one frame.

UNIT SCOPED FUNCTIONS

Action_ClearActions( bStop )

Clear action queue and return to idle and optionally stop in place with bStop true

Action_MoveToLocation( vLocation )
ActionPush_MoveToLocation( vLocation )
ActionQueue_MoveToLocation( vLocation )

Command a bot to move to the specified location, this is not a precision move

Action_MoveDirectly( vLocation )
ActionPush_MoveDirectly( vLocation )
ActionQueue_MoveDirectly( vLocation )

Command a bot to move to the specified location, bypassing the bot pathfinder. Identical to a user's right-click.

Action_MovePath( tWaypoints )
ActionPush_MovePath( tWaypoints )
ActionQueue_MovePath( tWaypoints )

Command a bot to move along the specified path.

Action_MoveToUnit( hUnit )
ActionPush_MoveToUnit( hUnit )
ActionQueue_MoveToUnit( hUnit )

Command a bot to move to the specified unit, this will continue to follow the unit

Action_AttackUnit( hUnit, bOnce )
ActionPush_AttackUnit( hUnit, bOnce )
ActionQueue_AttackUnit( hUnit, bOnce )

Tell a unit to attack a unit with an option bool to stop after one attack if true

Action_AttackMove( vLocation )
ActionPush_AttackMove( vLocation )
ActionQueue_AttackMove( vLocation )

Tell a unit to attack-move a location.

Action_UseAbility( hAbility )
ActionPush_UseAbility( hAbility )
ActionQueue_UseAbility( hAbility )

Command a bot to use a non-targeted ability or item

Action_UseAbilityOnEntity( hAbility, hTarget )
ActionPush_UseAbilityOnEntity( hAbility, hTarget )
ActionQueue_UseAbilityOnEntity( hAbility, hTarget )

Command a bot to use a unit targeted ability or item on the specified target unit

Action_UseAbilityOnLocation( hAbility, vLocation )
ActionPush_UseAbilityOnLocation( hAbility, vLocation )
ActionQueue_UseAbilityOnLocation( hAbility, vLocation )

Command a bot to use a ground targeted ability or item on the specified location

Action_UseAbilityOnTree( hAbility, iTree )
ActionPush_UseAbilityOnTree( hAbility, iTree )
ActionQueue_UseAbilityOnTree( hAbility, iTree )

Command a bot to use a tree targeted ability or item on the specified tree

Action_PickUpRune( nRune )
ActionPush_PickUpRune( nRune )
ActionQueue_PickUpRune( nRune )

Command a hero to pick up the rune at the specified rune location.

Action_PickUpItem( hItem )
ActionPush_PickUpItem( hItem )
ActionQueue_PickUpItem( hItem )

Command a bot to pick up the specified item

Action_DropItem( hItem, vLocation )
ActionPush_DropItem( hItem, vLocation )
ActionQueue_DropItem( hItem, vLocation )

Command a bot to drop the specified item and the provided location

Action_UseShrine( hShrine )
ActionPush_UseShrine( hShrine )
ActionQueue_UseShrine( hShrine )

Command a bot to use the specified shrine

Action_Delay( fDelay )
ActionPush_Delay( fDelay )
ActionQueue_Delay( fDelay )

Command a bot to delay for the specified amount of time.

int ActionImmediate_PurchaseItem ( sItemName )

Command a bot to purchase the specified item. Item names can be found here.

ActionImmediate_SellItem( hItem )

Command a bot to sell the specified item

ActionImmediate_DisassembleItem( hItem )

Command a bot to disassemble the specified item

ActionImmediate_SetItemCombineLock( hItem, bLocked )

Command a bot to lock or unlock combining of the specified item

ActionImmediate_SwapItems( index1, index2 )

Command a bot to swap the items in index1 and index2 in their inventory. Indices are zero based with 0-5 corresponding to inventory, 6-8 are backpack and 9-15 are stash

ActionImmediate_Courier( hCourier, nAction )

Command the courier specified by hCourier to perform one of the courier Actions.

ActionImmediate_Buyback()

Tell a hero to buy back from death.

ActionImmediate_Glyph()

Tell a hero to use Glyph.

ActionImmediate_LevelAbility ( sAbilityName )

Command a bot to level an ability or a talent. Ability and talent names can be found here

ActionImmediate_Chat( sMessage, bAllChat )

Have a bot say something in team chat, bAllChat true to say to all chat instead

ActionImmediate_Ping( fXCoord, fYCoord, bNormalPing )

Command a bot to ping the specified coordinates with bNormalPing setting the ping type

int GetCurrentActionType ()

Get the type of the currently active Action.

int NumQueuedActions()

Get number of actions in the action queue.

int GetQueuedActionType( nAction )

Get the type of the specified queued action.

bool IsBot()

Returns whether the unit is a bot (otherwise they are a human).

int GetDifficulty()

Gets the difficulty level of this bot.

string GetUnitName()

Gets the name of the unit. Note that this is the under-the-hood name, not the normal (localized) name that you'd see for the unit.

int GetPlayerID()

Gets the Player ID of the unit, used in functions that refer to a player rather than a specific unit.

int GetTeam()

Gets team to which this unit belongs.

bool IsHero()

Returns whether the unit is a hero.

bool IsIllusion()

Returns whether the unit is an illusion. Always returns false on enemies.

bool IsCreep()

Returns whether the unit is a creep.

bool IsAncientCreep()

Returns whether the unit is an ancient creep.

bool IsBuilding()

Returns whether the unit is a building. This includes towers, barracks, filler buildings, and the ancient.

bool IsTower()

Returns whether the unit is a tower.

bool IsFort()

Returns whether the unit is the ancient.

bool CanBeSeen()

Check if a unit can currently be seen by your team.

int GetActiveMode()

Get the bots currently active mode. This may not track modes in complete takeover bots.

float GetActiveModeDesire()

Gets the desire of the currently active mode.

int GetHealth()

Gets the health of the unit.

int GetMaxHealth()

Gets the maximum health of the specified unit.

int GetHealthRegen()

Gets the current health regen per second of the unit.

int GetMana()

Gets the current mana of the unit.

int GetMaxMana()

Gets the maximum mana of the unit.

int GetManaRegen()

Gets the current mana regen of the unit.

int GetBaseMovementSpeed()

Gets the base movement speed of the unit.

int GetCurrentMovementSpeed()

Gets the current movement speed (base + modifiers) of the unit.

bool IsAlive()

Returns true if the unit is alive.

float GetRespawnTime()

Returns the number of seconds remaining for the unit to respawn. Returns -1.0 for non-heroes.

bool HasBuyback()

Returns true if the unit has buyback available. Will return false for enemies or non-heroes.

int GetBuybackCost()

Returns the current gold cost of buyback. Will return -1 for enemies or non-heroes.

float GetBuybackCooldown()

Returns the current cooldown for buyback. Will return -1.0 for enemies or non-heroes.

float GetRemainingLifespan()

Returns the remaining lifespan in seconds of units with limited lifespans.

float GetBaseDamage()

Returns the average base damage of the unit.

float GetBaseDamageVariance()

Returns the +/- variance in the base damage of the unit.

float GetAttackDamage()

Returns actual attack damage (with bonuses) of the unit.

int GetAttackRange()

Returns the range at which the unit can attack another unit.

int GetAttackSpeed()

Returns the attack speed value of the unit.

float GetSecondsPerAttack()

Returns the number of seconds per attack (including backswing) of the unit.

float GetAttackPoint()

Returns the point in the animation where a unit will execute the attack.

float GetLastAttackTime()

Returns the time that the unit last executed an attack.

hUnit GetAttackTarget()

Returns a the attack target of the unit.

int GetAcquisitionRange()

Returns the range at which this unit will attack a target.

int GetAttackProjectileSpeed()

Returns the speed of the unit's attack projectile.

float GetActualIncomingDamage( nDamage, nDamageType )

Gets the incoming damage value after reductions depending on damage type.

float GetAttackCombatProficiency( hTarget )

Gets the damage multiplier when attacking the specified target.

float GetDefendCombatProficiency( hAttacker )

Gets the damage multiplier when being attacked by the specified attacker.

float GetSpellAmp()

Gets the spell amplification debuff percentage of this unit.

float GetArmor()

Gets the armor of this unit.

float GetMagicResist()

Gets the magic resist value of this unit.

float GetEvasion()

Gets the evasion percentage of this unit.

int GetPrimaryAttribute()

Gets the primary stat of this unit.

int GetAttributeValue( nAttrib )

Gets the value of the specified stat. Returns -1 for non-heroes.

int GetBountyXP()

Gets the XP bounty value for killing this unit.

int GetBountyGoldMin()

Gets the minimum gold bounty value for killing this unit.

int GetBountyGoldMax()

Gets the maximum gold bounty value for killing this unit.

int GetXPNeededToLevel()

Gets the amount of XP needed for this unit to gain a level. Returns -1 for non-heroes.

int GetAbilityPoints()

Get the number of ability points available to this bot.

int GetLevel()

Gets the level of this unit.

int GetGold()

Gets the current gold amount for this unit.

int GetNetWorth()

Gets the current total net worth for this unit.

int GetStashValue()

Gets the current value of all items in this unit's stash.

int GetCourierValue()

Gets the current value of all items on couriers that this unit owns.

int GetLastHits()

Gets the current last hit count for this unit.

int GetDenies()

Gets the current deny count for this unit.

float GetBoundingRadius()

Gets the bounding radius of this unit. Used for attack ranges and collision.

vector GetLocation()

Gets the location of this unit.

int GetFacing()

Gets the facing of this unit on a 360 degree rotation. (0 - 359). Facing East is 0, North is 90, West is 180, South is 270.

bool IsFacingLocation( vLocation, nDegrees )

Returns if the unit is facing the specified location, within an nDegrees cone.

float GetGroundHeight()

Gets ground height of the location of this unit. Note: This call can be very expensive! Use sparingly.

vector GetVelocity()

Gets the unit's current velocity.

int GetDayTimeVisionRange()

Gets the unit's vision range during the day.

int GetNightTimeVisionRange()

Gets the unit's vision range during the night.

int GetCurrentVisionRange()

Gets the unit's current vision range.

int GetHealthRegenPerStr()

Returns the health regen per second per point in strength.

int GetManaRegenPerInt()

Returns the mana regen per second per point in intellect.

int GetAnimActivity()

Returns the current animation activity the unit is playing.

float GetAnimCycle()

Returns the amount through the current animation (0.0 - 1.0)

hAbility GetAbilityByName( sAbilityName )

Gets a handle to the named ability. Ability names can be found in here

hAbility GetAbilityInSlot( nAbilitySlot )

Gets a handle to ability in the specified slot. Slots range from 0 to 23.

hItem GetItemInSlot( nIventorySlot )

Gets a handle to item in the specified inventory slot. Slots range from 0 to 16.

int FindItemSlot( sItemName )

Gets the inventory slot the named item is in. Item names can be found here.

int GetItemSlotType( nIventorySlot )

Gets the type of the specified inventory slot.

bool IsChanneling()

Returns whether the unit is currently channeling an ability or item.

bool IsUsingAbility()

Returns whether the unit's active ability is a UseAbility action. Note that this will be true while a is currently using an ability or item.

bool IsCastingAbility()

Returns whether the unit is actively casting an ability or item. Does not include movement or backswing.

hAbility GetCurrentActiveAbility()

Gets a handle to ability that's currently being used.

bool IsAttackImmune()

Returns whether the unit is immune to attacks.

bool IsBlind()

Returns whether the unit is blind and will miss all of its attacks.

bool IsBlockDisabled()

Returns whether the unit is disabled from blocking attacks.

bool IsDisarmed()

Returns whether the unit is disarmed and unable to attack.

bool IsDominated()

Returns whether the unit has been dominated.

bool IsEvadeDisabled()

Returns whether the unit is unable to evade attacks.

bool IsHexed()

Returns whether the unit is hexed into an adorable animal.

bool IsInvisible()

Returns whether the unit has an invisibility effect. Note that this does NOT guarantee invisibility to the other team -- if they have detection, they can see you even if IsInvisible() returns true.

bool IsInvulnerable()

Returns whether the unit is invulnerable to damage.

bool IsMagicImmune()

Returns whether the unit is magic immune.

bool IsMuted()

Returns whether the unit is item muted.

bool IsNightmared()

Returns whether the unit is having bad dreams.

bool IsRooted()

Returns whether the unit is rooted in place.

bool IsSilenced()

Returns whether the unit is silenced and unable to use abilities.

bool IsSpeciallyDeniable()

Returns whether the unit is deniable by allies due to a debuff.

bool IsStunned()

Returns whether the unit is stunned.

bool IsUnableToMiss()

Returns whether the unit will not miss due to evasion or attacking uphill.

bool HasScepter()

Returns whether the unit has ultimate scepter upgrades.

bool WasRecentlyDamagedByAnyHero( fInterval )

Returns whether the unit has been damaged by a hero in the specified interval.

float TimeSinceDamagedByAnyHero()

Returns whether the amount of time passed the unit has been damaged by a hero.

bool WasRecentlyDamagedByHero( hUnit, fInterval )

Returns whether the unit has been damaged by the specified hero in the specified interval.

float TimeSinceDamagedByHero( hUnit )

Returns whether the amount of time passed the unit has been damaged by the specified hero.

bool WasRecentlyDamagedByPlayer( nPlayerID, fInterval )

Returns whether the unit has been damaged by the specified player in the specified interval.

float TimeSinceDamagedByPlayer( nPlayerID )

Returns whether the amount of time passed the unit has been damaged by the specified hero.

bool WasRecentlyDamagedByCreep( fInterval )

Returns whether the unit has been damaged by a creep in the specified interval.

float TimeSinceDamagedByCreep()

Returns whether the amount of time passed the unit has been damaged by a creep.

bool WasRecentlyDamagedByTower( fInterval )

Returns whether the unit has been damaged by a tower in the specified interval.

float TimeSinceDamagedByTower()

Returns whether the amount of time passed the unit has been damaged by a tower.

int DistanceFromFountain()

Gets the unit’s straight-line distance from the team’s fountain (0 is in the fountain).

int DistanceFromSecretShop()

Gets the unit’s straight-line distance from the closest secret shop (0 is in a secret shop).

int DistanceFromSideShop()

Gets the unit’s straight-line distance from the closest side shop (0 is in a side shop).

SetTarget( hUnit )

Sets the target to be a specific unit. Doesn't actually execute anything, just potentially useful for communicating a target between modes/items.

hUnit GetTarget()

Gets the target that's been set for a unit.

SetNextItemPurchaseValue( nGold )

Sets the value of the next item to purchase. Doesn't actually execute anything, just potentially useful for communicating a purchase target for modes like Farm.

int GetNextItemPurchaseValue()

Gets the purchase value that's been set.

int GetAssignedLane()

Gets the assigned lane of this unit.

float GetOffensivePower()

Gets an estimate of the current offensive power of a unit. Derived from the average amount of damage it can do to all enemy heroes.

float GetRawOffensivePower()

Gets an estimate of the current offensive power of a unit. Derived from the average amount of damage it can do to all enemy heroes, ignoring cooldown and mana status.

float GetEstimatedDamageToTarget( bCurrentlyAvailable, hTarget, fDuration, nDamageTypes )

Gets an estimate of the amount of damage that this unit can do to the specified unit. If bCurrentlyAvailable is true, it takes into account mana and cooldown status.

float GetStunDuration( bCurrentlyAvailable )

Gets an estimate of the duration of a stun that a unit can cast. If bCurrentlyAvailable is true, it takes into account mana and cooldown status.

float GetSlowDuration( bCurrentlyAvailable )

Gets an estimate of the duration of a slow that a unit can cast. If bCurrentlyAvailable is true, it takes into account mana and cooldown status.

bool HasBlink( bCurrentlyAvailable )

Returns whether the unit has a blink available to them.

bool HasMinistunOnAttack()

Returns whether the unit has a ministun when they attack.

bool HasSilence( bCurrentlyAvailable )

Returns whether the unit has a silence available to them.

bool HasInvisibility( bCurrentlyAvailable )

Returns whether the unit has an invisibility-causing item or ability available to them.

bool UsingItemBreaksInvisibility()

Returns whether using an item would break the unit's invisibility.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyHeroes( nRadius, bEnemies, nMode)

Returns a table of heroes, sorted closest-to-furthest, that are in the specified mode. If nMode is BOT_MODE_NONE, searches for all heroes. If bEnemies is true, nMode must be BOT_MODE_NONE. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyCreeps( nRadius, bEnemies )

Returns a table of creeps, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyLaneCreeps( nRadius, bEnemies )

Returns a table of lane creeps, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyNeutralCreeps( nRadius )

Returns a table of neutral creeps, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyTowers( nRadius, bEnemies )

Returns a table of towers, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyBarracks( nRadius, bEnemies )

Returns a table of barracks, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ hUnit, ... } GetNearbyShrines( nRadius, bEnemies )

Returns a table of shrines, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ int, ... } GetNearbyTrees ( nRadius )

Returns a table of Tree IDs, sorted closest-to-furthest. nRadius must be less than 1600.

{ int count, vector targetloc } FindAoELocation( bEnemies, bHeroes, vBaseLocation, nMaxDistanceFromBase, nRadius, fTimeInFuture, nMaxHealth)

Gets the optimal location for AoE to hit the maximum number of units described by the parameters. Returns a table containing the values targetloc that is a vector for the center of the AoE and count that will be equal to the number of units within the AoE that mach the description.

vector GetExtrapolatedLocation( fTime )

Returns the extrapolated location of the unit fTime seconds into the future, based on its current movement.

float GetMovementDirectionStability()

Returns how stable the direction of the unit's movement is -- a value of 1.0 means they've been moving in a straight line for a while, where 0.0 is completely random movement.

bool HasModifier( sModifierName )

Returns whether the unit has the specified modifer.

int GetModifierByName( sModifierName )

Returns the modifier index for the specified modifier.

int NumModifiers()

Returns the number of modifiers on the unit.

int GetModifierName( nModifier )

Returns the name of the specified modifier.

int GetModifierStackCount( nModifier )

Returns stack count of the specified modifier.

int GetModifierRemainingDuration( nModifier )

Returns remaining duration of the specified modifier.

int GetModifierAuxiliaryUnits( nModifier )

Returns a table containing handles to units that the modifier is responsible for, such as Ember Spirit remnants.

{time, location, normal_ping} GetMostRecentPing()

Returns a table containing the time and location of the unit's most recent ping, and whether it was a normal or danger ping.

{ { location, caster, player, ability, is_dodgeable, is_attack }, ... } GetIncomingTrackingProjectiles()

Returns information about all projectiles incoming towards this unit.

Ability-Scoped

CanAbilityBeUpgraded
GetAbilityDamage
GetAutoCastState
GetBehavior
GetCaster
GetCastPoint
GetCastRange
GetChannelledManaCostPerSecond
GetChannelTime
GetDuration
GetCooldownTimeRemaining - Only works on yourself and allies
GetCurrentCharges
GetDamageType
GetHeroLevelRequiredToUpgrade
GetInitialCharges
GetLevel
GetManaCost
GetMaxLevel
GetName
GetSecondaryCharges
GetSpecialValueFloat
GetSpecialValueInt
GetTargetFlags
GetTargetTeam
GetTargetType
GetToggleState
IsActivated
IsAttributeBonus
IsChanneling
IsCooldownReady - Only works on yourself and allies
IsFullyCastable
IsHidden
IsInAbilityPhase
IsItem
IsOwnersManaEnough
IsPassive
IsStealable
IsStolen
IsToggle
IsTrained
ProcsMagicStick
ToggleAutoCast

- Item Only Functions

CanBeDisassembled
IsCombineLocked

Bot Difficulties

There are six bot difficulties:

Passive

Cannot use abilities or items or the courier.
Will always remain in laning mode.
When attempting to last hit creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.4 seconds.
When attempting to last hit allied creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.2 seconds.

Easy

Ability and item usage gets a random delay of 0.5 to 1.0 seconds
Every 8 seconds, ability and item usage is disallowed for 6 seconds.
Whenever an ability or item is used, ability and item usage is disallowed for 6 seconds.
When attempting to last hit enemy creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.4 seconds.
When attempting to last hit allied creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.2 seconds.

Medium

Ability and item usage gets a random delay of 0.3 to 0.6 seconds
Every 10 seconds, ability and item usage is disallowed for 3 seconds.
Whenever an ability or item is used, ability and item usage is disallowed for 3 seconds.
When attempting to last hit creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.2 seconds.
When attempting to last hit allied creeps, their estimation of the best time to land the attack randomly varies by 0.1 seconds.

Hard

Ability and item usage gets a random delay of 0.1 to 0.2 seconds.

Unfair

Ability and item usage gets a random delay of 0.075 to 0.15 seconds.
XP and Gold earned gets a 25% bonus.

New Player

Debugging

There are a number of commands that help you debug what's happening with bots.

dota_bot_debug_team Brings up a panel for the specified team (2 is Radiant, 3 is Dire) that displays:

Team-level desires for pushing/defending/farming lanes, and Roshan.
Bot names and levels
Bot current and maximum "power" levels (see Appendex D for how power levels are calculated). Can be disabled with "dota_bot_debug_team_power 0".
Active modes, and those mode desires.
All modes for a bot ( individually collapsable), and each of those modes' desires.
Current bot action along with that action's target if applicable.
Total bot execution time for the overall team calculations, and each individual bot.

It additionally enables the line-sphere rendering of dota_bot_select_debug for all bots on the specified team.

dota_bot_debug_grid
dota_bot_debug_grid_cycle
dota_bot_debug_minimap
dota_bot_debug_minimap_cycle

Causes a grid to draw on the world or the minimap. The *_cycle variants just cycle through all the values, whereas the other commands just set the mode directly.

0 - Off
1 - Radiant avoidance
2 - Dire avoidance
3 - Potential enemy locations for the Radiant
4 - Potential enemy locations for the Dire
5 - Enemy visibility to the Radiant
6 - Enemy visibility to the Dire
7 - Height Values
8 - Passability

dota_bot_select_debug

Activates the following displays on the under-the-cursor bot:

The current mode and action of the selected bot.
A white line-sphere list to it current pathfind.
A blue line-sphere to its current laning last-hit target.
A red line-sphere to its current attack target.

dota_bot_select_debug_attack

Displays how much the under-the-cursor bot wants to attack any nearby enemies.

dota_bot_debug_clear

Clears the dota_bot_select_debug and dota_bot_select_debug_attack states of the under-the-cursor bot.

dota_bot_debug_lanes

Shows the path of all of the lanes, along with a sphere at the "lane front".

dota_bot_debug_ward_locations

Shows small yellow spheres at each of ward locations the bots will consider.

dump_modifier_list

Dumps a reference list of all modifier names.

Potential Locations

One of the utility functions available to bot scripts is GetUnitPotentialValue(), which returns a value between 0 and 255 that represents an estimation of how likely it is that a hero is within the specified radius of the specified location. This value is based the potential location grid that is updated during bot games.

It works like this:

When a team loses visibility of that hero, there's a floodfill that starts through the passable areas of the map, moving at the movement speed of that missing hero.
The intensity of the "potential location" starts out high, and then decreases as the potential location becomes larger and more diffuse.
This floodfill happens for each enemy hero independently.

This does have some limitations:

It doesn't take into account heroes that teleport or otherwise have speed/movement bursts (Lycan's wolf form, AM's blinking, etc)
It doesn't include any logic about why a hero is missing or where they've gone -- it assumes an equal chance of a hero moving in any direction under FoW

Still, it can be useful for some decisionmaking, especially when the potential location values are high. You obviously don't want to stop considering a hero nearby the moment you lose sight of them, so using the potential location grid to help evaluate how dangerous a location is can be helpful.

Hero Power

It's often useful to understand how powerful a teammate bot is, or how dangerous an enemy is. One rough estimate is the Hero Power concept, which is updated for each hero each frame.

Here is how it's calculated (done per-hero):

For each enemy hero, calculate the amount of damage done over a time interval to that enemy hero.
That time interval is defined as 5 seconds, plus the duration that the hero can stun a unit, plus half the duration that the hero can slow a unit.
That damage includes both attacking for that duration, plus damage done by abilities.
Attack damage includes procs as well as debuffs.
Ability damage is based on available mana, cast time, cooldowns, silence status, etc.
That damage is then averaged over all enemy heroes.

Additionally, we calculate each hero's Raw Power as well, which ignores all cooldowns and hero state (mana, debuffs, etc). It's more a representation of how powerful a hero theoretically is than how powerful they are at any given moment.

Note that this is an indicator of offensive power only, not tankiness or durability.

GetRawOffensivePower() can be called on teammates or enemies that you can see. GetOffensivePower() can be called only on teammates.

Appendix A - Chaining to a generic implementation in Lua

If you're implementing a generic version of a mode or ability/item usage, you should add this code to the bottom of your generic file (adjusting the name of the module appropriately, and including the functions you want to be callable from hero-specific classes):

BotsInit = require( "game/botsinit" ); local MyModule = BotsInit.CreateGeneric(); MyModule.OnStart = OnStart; MyModule.OnEnd = OnEnd; MyModule.Think = Think; MyModule.GetDesire = GetDesire; return MyModule;

Then in your hero-specific implementation, you can start your file with this:

mode_defend_ally_generic = dofile( GetScriptDirectory().."/mode_defend_ally_generic" )

which allows you to do things like the following in your bot-specific code:

mode_defend_ally_generic.OnStart();

Appendix B - List of available constants

Bot Modes

BOT_MODE_NONE
BOT_MODE_LANING
BOT_MODE_ATTACK
BOT_MODE_ROAM
BOT_MODE_RETREAT
BOT_MODE_SECRET_SHOP
BOT_MODE_SIDE_SHOP
BOT_MODE_PUSH_TOWER_TOP
BOT_MODE_PUSH_TOWER_MID
BOT_MODE_PUSH_TOWER_BOT
BOT_MODE_DEFEND_TOWER_TOP
BOT_MODE_DEFEND_TOWER_MID
BOT_MODE_DEFEND_TOWER_BOT
BOT_MODE_ASSEMBLE
BOT_MODE_TEAM_ROAM
BOT_MODE_FARM
BOT_MODE_DEFEND_ALLY
BOT_MODE_EVASIVE_MANEUVERS
BOT_MODE_ROSHAN
BOT_MODE_ITEM
BOT_MODE_WARD

Action Desires

These can be useful for making sure all action desires are using a common language for talking about their desire.

BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_NONE - 0.0
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_VERYLOW - 0.1
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_LOW - 0.25
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_MODERATE - 0.5
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_HIGH - 0.75
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_VERYHIGH - 0.9
BOT_ACTION_DESIRE_ABSOLUTE - 1.0

Mode Desires

These can be useful for making sure all mode desires as using a common language for talking about their desire.

BOT_MODE_DESIRE_NONE - 0
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_VERYLOW - 0.1
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_LOW - 0.25
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_MODERATE - 0.5
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_HIGH - 0.75
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_VERYHIGH - 0.9
BOT_MODE_DESIRE_ABSOLUTE - 1.0

Damage Types

DAMAGE_TYPE_PHYSICAL
DAMAGE_TYPE_MAGICAL
DAMAGE_TYPE_PURE
DAMAGE_TYPE_ALL

Unit Types

UNIT_LIST_ALL
UNIT_LIST_ALLIES
UNIT_LIST_ALLIED_HEROES
UNIT_LIST_ALLIED_CREEPS
UNIT_LIST_ALLIED_WARDS
UNIT_LIST_ALLIED_BUILDINGS
UNIT_LIST_ENEMIES
UNIT_LIST_ENEMY_HEROES
UNIT_LIST_ENEMY_CREEPS
UNIT_LIST_ENEMY_WARDS
UNIT_LIST_NEUTRAL_CREEPS
UNIT_LIST_ENEMY_BUILDINGS

Difficulties

DIFFICULTY_INVALID
DIFFICULTY_PASSIVE
DIFFICULTY_EASY
DIFFICULTY_MEDIUM
DIFFICULTY_HARD
DIFFICULTY_UNFAIR

Attribute Types

ATTRIBUTE_INVALID
ATTRIBUTE_STRENGTH
ATTRIBUTE_AGILITY
ATTRIBUTE_INTELLECT

Item Purchase Results

PURCHASE_ITEM_SUCCESS
PURCHASE_ITEM_OUT_OF_STOCK
PURCHASE_ITEM_DISALLOWED_ITEM
PURCHASE_ITEM_INSUFFICIENT_GOLD
PURCHASE_ITEM_NOT_AT_HOME_SHOP
PURCHASE_ITEM_NOT_AT_SIDE_SHOP
PURCHASE_ITEM_NOT_AT_SECRET_SHOP
PURCHASE_ITEM_INVALID_ITEM_NAME

Game Modes

GAMEMODE_NONE
GAMEMODE_AP
GAMEMODE_CM
GAMEMODE_RD
GAMEMODE_SD
GAMEMODE_AR
GAMEMODE_REVERSE_CM
GAMEMODE_MO
GAMEMODE_CD
GAMEMODE_ABILITY_DRAFT
GAMEMODE_ARDM
GAMEMODE_1V1MID
GAMEMODE_ALL_DRAFT (aka Ranked All Pick)

Teams

TEAM_RADIANT
TEAM_DIRE
TEAM_NEUTRAL
TEAM_NONE

Lanes

LANE_NONE
LANE_TOP
LANE_MID
LANE_BOT

Game States

GAME_STATE_INIT
GAME_STATE_WAIT_FOR_PLAYERS_TO_LOAD
GAME_STATE_HERO_SELECTION
GAME_STATE_STRATEGY_TIME
GAME_STATE_PRE_GAME
GAME_STATE_GAME_IN_PROGRESS
GAME_STATE_POST_GAME
GAME_STATE_DISCONNECT
GAME_STATE_TEAM_SHOWCASE
GAME_STATE_CUSTOM_GAME_SETUP
GAME_STATE_WAIT_FOR_MAP_TO_LOAD
GAME_STATE_LAST

Hero Pick States

HEROPICK_STATE_NONE
HEROPICK_STATE_AP_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_SD_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_INTRO
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_CAPTAINPICK
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN1
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN2
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN3
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN4
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN5
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN6
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN7
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN8
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN9
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_BAN10
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT1
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT2
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT3
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT4
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT5
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT6
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT7
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT8
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT9
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_SELECT10
HEROPICK_STATE_CM_PICK
HEROPICK_STATE_AR_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_MO_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_FH_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_INTRO
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_CAPTAINPICK
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN1
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN2
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN3
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN4
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN5
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_BAN6
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT1
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT2
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT3
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT4
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT5
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT6
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT7
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT8
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT9
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_SELECT10
HEROPICK_STATE_CD_PICK
HEROPICK_STATE_BD_SELECT
HERO_PICK_STATE_ABILITY_DRAFT_SELECT
HERO_PICK_STATE_ARDM_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_ALL_DRAFT_SELECT
HERO_PICK_STATE_CUSTOMGAME_SELECT
HEROPICK_STATE_SELECT_PENALTY

Rune Types

RUNE_INVALID (used as return value)
RUNE_DOUBLEDAMAGE
RUNE_HASTE
RUNE_ILLUSION
RUNE_INVISIBILITY
RUNE_REGENERATION
RUNE_BOUNTY
RUNE_ARCANE

Rune Status

RUNE_STATUS_UNKNOWN
RUNE_STATUS_AVAILABLE
RUNE_STATUS_MISSING

Rune Locations

RUNE_POWERUP_1
RUNE_POWERUP_2
RUNE_BOUNTY_1
RUNE_BOUNTY_2
RUNE_BOUNTY_3
RUNE_BOUNTY_4

Item Slot Types

ITEM_SLOT_TYPE_INVALID
ITEM_SLOT_TYPE_MAIN
ITEM_SLOT_TYPE_BACKPACK
ITEM_SLOT_TYPE_STASH

Action Types

BOT_ACTION_TYPE_NONE
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_IDLE
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_MOVE_TO
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_MOVE_TO_DIRECTLY
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_ATTACK
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_ATTACKMOVE
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_USE_ABILITY
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_PICK_UP_RUNE
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_PICK_UP_ITEM
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_DROP_ITEM
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_SHRINE
BOT_ACTION_TYPE_DELAY

Courier Actions and States

COURIER_ACTION_BURST
COURIER_ACTION_ENEMY_SECRET_SHOP
COURIER_ACTION_RETURN
COURIER_ACTION_SECRET_SHOP
COURIER_ACTION_SIDE_SHOP
COURIER_ACTION_SIDE_SHOP2
COURIER_ACTION_TAKE_STASH_ITEMS
COURIER_ACTION_TAKE_AND_TRANSFER_ITEMS
COURIER_ACTION_TRANSFER_ITEMS

COURIER_STATE_IDLE
COURIER_STATE_AT_BASE
COURIER_STATE_MOVING
COURIER_STATE_DELIVERING_ITEMS
COURIER_STATE_RETURNING_TO_BASE
COURIER_STATE_DEAD

Towers

TOWER_TOP_1
TOWER_TOP_2
TOWER_TOP_3
TOWER_MID_1
TOWER_MID_2
TOWER_MID_3
TOWER_BOT_1
TOWER_BOT_2
TOWER_BOT_3
TOWER_BASE_1
TOWER_BASE_2

Barracks

BARRACKS_TOP_MELEE
BARRACKS_TOP_RANGED
BARRACKS_MID_MELEE
BARRACKS_MID_RANGED
BARRACKS_BOT_MELEE
BARRACKS_BOT_RANGED

Shrines

SHRINE_BASE_1
SHRINE_BASE_2
SHRINE_BASE_3
SHRINE_BASE_4
SHRINE_BASE_5
SHRINE_JUNGLE_1
SHRINE_JUNGLE_2

Shops

SHOP_HOME
SHOP_SIDE
SHOP_SECRET
SHOP_SIDE2
SHOP_SECRET2

Ability Target Teams

ABILITY_TARGET_TEAM_NONE
ABILITY_TARGET_TEAM_FRIENDLY
ABILITY_TARGET_TEAM_ENEMY

Ability Target Types

ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_NONE
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_HERO
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_CREEP
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_BUILDING
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_COURIER
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_OTHER
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_TREE
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_BASIC
ABILITY_TARGET_TYPE_ALL

Ability Target Flags

ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NONE
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_RANGED_ONLY
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_MELEE_ONLY
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_DEAD
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_MAGIC_IMMUNE_ENEMIES
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_MAGIC_IMMUNE_ALLIES
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_INVULNERABLE
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_FOW_VISIBLE
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NO_INVIS
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_ANCIENTS
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_PLAYER_CONTROLLED
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_DOMINATED
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_SUMMONED
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_ILLUSIONS
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_ATTACK_IMMUNE
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_MANA_ONLY
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_CHECK_DISABLE_HELP
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_CREEP_HERO
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_OUT_OF_WORLD
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_NOT_NIGHTMARED
ABILITY_TARGET_FLAG_PREFER_ENEMIES

Ability Behavior Bitfields

ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_NONE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_HIDDEN
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_PASSIVE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_NO_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_UNIT_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_POINT
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_AOE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_NOT_LEARNABLE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_CHANNELLED
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_ITEM
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_TOGGLE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DIRECTIONAL
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_IMMEDIATE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_AUTOCAST
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_OPTIONAL_UNIT_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_OPTIONAL_POINT
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_OPTIONAL_NO_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_AURA
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_ATTACK
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DONT_RESUME_MOVEMENT
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_ROOT_DISABLES
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_UNRESTRICTED
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_IGNORE_PSEUDO_QUEUE
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_IGNORE_CHANNEL
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DONT_CANCEL_MOVEMENT
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DONT_ALERT_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DONT_RESUME_ATTACK
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_NORMAL_WHEN_STOLEN
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_IGNORE_BACKSWING
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_RUNE_TARGET
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_DONT_CANCEL_CHANNEL
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_VECTOR_TARGETING
ABILITY_BEHAVIOR_LAST_RESORT_POINT

Misc Constants

GLYPH_COOLDOWN

Animation Activities

ACTIVITY_IDLE
ACTIVITY_IDLE_RARE
ACTIVITY_RUN
ACTIVITY_ATTACK
ACTIVITY_ATTACK2
ACTIVITY_ATTACK_EVENT
ACTIVITY_DIE
ACTIVITY_FLINCH
ACTIVITY_FLAIL
ACTIVITY_DISABLED
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_1
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_2
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_3
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_4
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_5
ACTIVITY_CAST_ABILITY_6
ACTIVITY_OVERRIDE_ABILITY_1
ACTIVITY_OVERRIDE_ABILITY_2
ACTIVITY_OVERRIDE_ABILITY_3
ACTIVITY_OVERRIDE_ABILITY_4
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_1
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_2
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_3
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_4
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_5
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_ABILITY_6
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_1
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_2
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_3
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_4
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_5
ACTIVITY_CHANNEL_END_ABILITY_6
ACTIVITY_CONSTANT_LAYER
ACTIVITY_CAPTURE
ACTIVITY_SPAWN
ACTIVITY_KILLTAUNT
ACTIVITY_TAUNT