Brush
A brush is a convex 3D shape created with Hammer's Block tool. Unless tied to an entity it will form part of the backbone of the map, defining visibility as a world brush.
Brushes are each unique, can't sustain huge amounts of detail, and are lit with pre-computed lightmaps. They are complimented by models, which are more dynamic, more detailed, and exactly the same whenever and wherever used.
In-game
Brushes are compiled by VBSP into individual polygons, which means that unless tied to an entity they only exist as discrete objects in Hammer.
As a part of this process faces are merged and chopped so that parts touching either the void or one another are removed. You can see some scenarios in this image:
Exceptions are:
- Brush entities, which merge and chop only within themselves.
- func_details will also merge and chop each other (since they are really all the same entity).
- Brushes with translucent materials applied, which do not merge or chop at all.
Don't bother coating the inner surfaces of brush constructions with nodraw unless they meet one of the above criteria.

See also
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