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| {{otherlang2
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| |en=:Adding a Dynamic Scope
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| }}
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| [[File:Dyscope rest.jpg|right|300px]]
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| [[File:Dyscope aim.jpg|right|300px]]
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| 这篇文章会创建一个'''动态狙击镜'''，它使用一个渲染目标的武器模型得出当前玩家的视角。这些代码可以运行在[[Episode One (engine branch)|半条命2：第一章]]的引擎，应该也可以在其他版本引擎工作。
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| {{note|1=此代码只能渲染模型，如果你想用此代码渲染其他地方（例如：渲染狙击镜的折射），[http://forums.steampowered.com/forums/showthread.php?t=1290970 渲染一个目标]。}}
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| {{note|1=修改过的crossbow模型可以从这里[http://www.jordash.net/downloads/rt_crossbow.rar 下载]。}}
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|
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| ==创建代码==
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| 首先创建两个文件分别命名为tne_RenderTargets.cpp和tne_RenderTargets.h，并添加到cl_dll项目，这些代码能够自定义渲染目标。此外，为了避免未知错误，baseclientrendertargts.cpp（及其头文件）需要添加到cl_dll项目。然而，其他版本的SDK都有这文件。
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|
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| ===tne_RenderTargets.cpp （新文件）===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>#include "cbase.h"
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| #include "tne_RenderTargets.h"
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| #include "materialsystem\imaterialsystem.h"
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| #include "rendertexture.h"
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|
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| ITexture* CTNERenderTargets::CreateScopeTexture( IMaterialSystem* pMaterialSystem )
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| {
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| // DevMsg("Creating Scope Render Target: _rt_Scope\n");
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| return pMaterialSystem->CreateNamedRenderTargetTextureEx2(
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| "_rt_Scope",
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| 1024, 1024, RT_SIZE_OFFSCREEN,
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| pMaterialSystem->GetBackBufferFormat(),
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| MATERIAL_RT_DEPTH_SHARED,
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| TEXTUREFLAGS_CLAMPS | TEXTUREFLAGS_CLAMPT,
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| CREATERENDERTARGETFLAGS_HDR );
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|
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| }
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|
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| //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| // Purpose: Called by the engine in material system init and shutdown.
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| // Clients should override this in their inherited version, but the base
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| // is to init all standard render targets for use.
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| // Input : pMaterialSystem - the engine's material system (our singleton is not yet inited at the time this is called)
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| // pHardwareConfig - the user hardware config, useful for conditional render target setup
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| //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| void CTNERenderTargets::InitClientRenderTargets( IMaterialSystem* pMaterialSystem, IMaterialSystemHardwareConfig* pHardwareConfig )
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| {
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| m_ScopeTexture.Init( CreateScopeTexture( pMaterialSystem ) );
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|
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| // Water effects & camera from the base class (standard HL2 targets)
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| BaseClass::InitClientRenderTargets( pMaterialSystem, pHardwareConfig );
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| }
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|
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| //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| // Purpose: Shut down each CTextureReference we created in InitClientRenderTargets.
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| // Called by the engine in material system shutdown.
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| // Input : -
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| //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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| void CTNERenderTargets::ShutdownClientRenderTargets()
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| {
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| m_ScopeTexture.Shutdown();
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|
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| // Clean up standard HL2 RTs (camera and water)
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| BaseClass::ShutdownClientRenderTargets();
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| }
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|
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| //add the interface!
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| static CTNERenderTargets g_TNERenderTargets;
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| EXPOSE_SINGLE_INTERFACE_GLOBALVAR( CTNERenderTargets, IClientRenderTargets, CLIENTRENDERTARGETS_INTERFACE_VERSION, g_TNERenderTargets );
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| CTNERenderTargets* TNERenderTargets = &g_TNERenderTargets;</source>
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|
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| 这段代码类似于CBaseClientRenderTargets。CreateScopeTexture()函数在引擎中被InitClientRenderTargets()函数呼应，为了初始化m_ScopeTexture（就是渲染目标贴图）,他也呼应ShutdownClientRenderTargets()。
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|
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| ===tne_RenderTargets.h （新文件）===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>#ifndef TNERENDERTARGETS_H_
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| #define TNERENDERTARGETS_H_
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| #ifdef _WIN32
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| #pragma once
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| #endif
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|
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| #include "baseclientrendertargets.h" // Base class, with interfaces called by engine and inherited members to init common render targets
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|
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| // externs
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| class IMaterialSystem;
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| class IMaterialSystemHardwareConfig;
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|
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| class CTNERenderTargets : public CBaseClientRenderTargets
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| {
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| // no networked vars
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| DECLARE_CLASS_GAMEROOT( CTNERenderTargets, CBaseClientRenderTargets );
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| public:
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| virtual void InitClientRenderTargets( IMaterialSystem* pMaterialSystem, IMaterialSystemHardwareConfig* pHardwareConfig );
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| virtual void ShutdownClientRenderTargets();
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|
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| ITexture* CreateScopeTexture( IMaterialSystem* pMaterialSystem );
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|
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| private:
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| CTextureReference m_ScopeTexture;
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| };
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|
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| extern CTNERenderTargets* TNERenderTargets;
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|
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| #endif //TNERENDERTARGETS_H_</source>
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|
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| 这是头文件，它重写一个虚函数来自CBaseClientRenderTargets。
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|
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| ===rendertexture.cpp===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>static CTextureReference s_pScopeTexture;
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| ITexture *GetScopeTexture( void )
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| {
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| if ( !s_pScopeTexture )
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| {
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| s_pScopeTexture.Init( materials->FindTexture( "_rt_Scope", TEXTURE_GROUP_RENDER_TARGET ) );
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| Assert( !IsErrorTexture( s_pScopeTexture ) );
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| AddReleaseFunc();
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| }
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| return s_pScopeTexture;
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| }</source>
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|
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| 把这段代码放到GetCameraTexture函数附近，它的作用是返回渲染目标贴图。
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|
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| ===rendertexture.h===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>ITexture *GetScopeTexture();</source>
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|
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| 把这行代码放到GetCameraTexture之后。
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|
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| ===view.cpp===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>
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| void CViewRender::DrawScope( const CViewSetup &viewSet )
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| {
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| C_BasePlayer *localPlayer = C_BasePlayer::GetLocalPlayer();
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|
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| if(!localPlayer)
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| return;
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|
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| if( !localPlayer->GetActiveWeapon() )
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| return;
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|
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| if( !localPlayer->GetActiveWeapon()->GetViewModel() )
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| return;
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|
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| //Copy our current View.
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| CViewSetup scopeView = viewSet;
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|
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| //Get our camera render target.
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| ITexture *pRenderTarget = GetScopeTexture();
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|
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| if( pRenderTarget == NULL )
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| return;
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|
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| if( !pRenderTarget->IsRenderTarget() )
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| Msg(" not a render target");
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|
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| //Our view information, Origin, View Direction, window size
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| // location on material, and visual ratios.
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| scopeView.width = pRenderTarget->GetActualWidth();
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| scopeView.height = pRenderTarget->GetActualHeight();
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| scopeView.x = 0;
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| scopeView.y = 0;
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| scopeView.fov = localPlayer->GetActiveWeapon()->GetZoomFOV();
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| scopeView.m_bOrtho = false;
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|
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| scopeView.m_flAspectRatio = 1.0f;
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|
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| int nClearFlags = VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH | VIEW_CLEAR_COLOR;
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| bool bDrew3dSkybox = false; // bDrew3dSkybox = true turns the skybox OFF. DO NOT SET IT TO TRUE.
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| bool bSkyboxVisible = true;
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|
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| //Set the view up and output the scene to our RenderTarget (Scope Material).
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| render->Push3DView( scopeView, VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH | VIEW_CLEAR_COLOR, true, pRenderTarget, m_Frustum );
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| Draw3dSkyboxworld( scopeView, nClearFlags, bDrew3dSkybox, bSkyboxVisible);
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| ViewDrawScene( bDrew3dSkybox, bSkyboxVisible, scopeView, 0, VIEW_MONITOR );
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|
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| render->PopView( m_Frustum );
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| }</source>
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|
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| 这段代码有点像DrawCamera，基本上，它复制当前的视角，分配渲染目标到贴图，然后设置一些基本属性给scopeView例如高度、宽度、位置等等，FOV在这里参考了武器脚本的值。
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|
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| ===viewrender.h===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>void DrawScope( const CViewSetup &cameraView );</source>
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|
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| 把这行代码放在DrawCamera之后。
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|
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| ===view_scene.cpp===
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>//Draw the scope too
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| if(g_pMaterialSystemHardwareConfig->GetDXSupportLevel() >= 70 )
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| {
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| DrawScope( view );
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| }</source>
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|
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| 如果你是DirectX 7的显卡它的作用是切出瞄准镜，把这段代码放到RenderViewEx()，在#ifdef USE_MONITORS #endif这块代码之前。
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|
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| ==vmt文件==
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| 创建一个新的vmt文件来创建贴图，并用它来与相关的武器对应。把以下文字放到此文件：
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|
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| UnlitGeneric
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| {
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| $basetexture _rt_Scope
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| $model 1
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| }
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|
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| 它创建_rt_Scope贴图并应用于可用的武器，然后把_rt_Scope放到你的武器模型！
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|
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| == 半条命第二章引擎文件修复 ==
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|
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| === viewrender.cpp ===
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| 在viewrender.cpp文件，在DrawMonitors之后，更换DrawScope函数，代替view.cpp。
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|
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| 更换：
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>
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| int nClearFlags = VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH | VIEW_CLEAR_COLOR;
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| bool bDrew3dSkybox = false; // bDrew3dSkybox = true turns the skybox OFF. DO NOT SET IT TO TRUE.
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| bool bSkyboxVisible = true;
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|
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| //Set the view up and output the scene to our RenderTarget (Scope Material).
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| render->Push3DView( scopeView, VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH | VIEW_CLEAR_COLOR, true, pRenderTarget, m_Frustum );
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| Draw3dSkyboxworld( scopeView, nClearFlags, bDrew3dSkybox, bSkyboxVisible);
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| ViewDrawScene( bDrew3dSkybox, bSkyboxVisible, scopeView, 0, VIEW_MONITOR );
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|
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| render->PopView( m_Frustum );
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| </source>
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|
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| 到：
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>
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| //Set the view up and output the scene to our RenderTarget (Scope Material).
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| render->Push3DView( scopeView, VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH | VIEW_CLEAR_COLOR, pRenderTarget, GetFrustum() );
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|
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| SkyboxVisibility_t nSkyboxVisible = SKYBOX_NOT_VISIBLE;
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| int ClearFlags = 0;
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| CSkyboxView *pSkyView = new CSkyboxView( this );
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| if( pSkyView->Setup( scopeView, &ClearFlags, &nSkyboxVisible ) != false )
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| AddViewToScene( pSkyView );
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| SafeRelease( pSkyView );
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|
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| ViewDrawScene( false, SKYBOX_3DSKYBOX_VISIBLE, scopeView, VIEW_CLEAR_DEPTH, VIEW_MONITOR );
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|
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| render->PopView( m_Frustum );
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| </source>
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|
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| 更换：
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>scopeView.fov = localPlayer->GetActiveWeapon()->GetZoomFOV();</source>
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|
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| 到
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>scopeView.fov = 45;</source>
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|
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| （GetZoomFOV()不是默认浮点函数，它需要C_BaseCombatWeapon的命令才能工作。）
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|
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| 更换viewrender.cpp的末尾'''CViewRender::RenderView'''
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| <source lang=cpp>
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| if(g_pMaterialSystemHardwareConfig->GetDXSupportLevel() >= 70 )
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| {
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| DrawScope( view );
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| }
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| </source>
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|
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| 右上方
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|
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| <source lang=cpp>
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| render->PopView( GetFrustum() );
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| g_WorldListCache.Flush();
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| </source>
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| view_scene.cpp
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|
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| 现在动态狙击镜可以在半条命第二章引擎工作了。
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|
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| [[Category:Weapons programming:zh-cn]]
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| [[Category:Tutorials]]
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