Patching levels with lump files

Half-Life 2: Episode One added a simple system to allow mapmakers to patch levels by shipping only the level lumps that have changed. It was written to handle any .bsp file lump, but right now it's really only useful for lumps that don't depend on other lumps, until a tool exists that will find all the changed lumps. For example, changing geometry in a map changes many lumps, and each changed lump would need to be selected by hand. Once many lumps have been changed, you may as well ship a new .bsp.

For now, it's a great way of shipping new entity lumps, or new game data lumps without having to re-ship the entire .bsp. The steps involved are as follows (assuming that a previous version of the .bsp file has already been shipped):

1. Make the desired changes to the level, and compile the new .bsp
2. Use vbspinfo -X to extract the desired lumps into .lmp files.
3. Put the .lmp files into your GAME\maps directory, ensure their <id>s are correct (see below).
4. Ship the .lmp files

.lmp files are automatically named in the following format:

<bsp name>_l_<id>.lmp

After loading the .bsp, the engine will then load .lmp files starting at id 0, and stopping as soon as it fails to find a .lmp for the next id. Each .lmp file overrides any existing lump in the .bsp, or preceding .lmp files. If a new lump has already been shipped as a <bsp_name>_l_0.lmp file, that lump can overridden with a <bsp_name>_l_1.lmp file.