SMD file format: Difference between revisions

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#REDIRECT [[SMD]]
 
The '''StudioMDL Data''' file format stores 3D models in [[Wikipedia:ASCII|ASCII]] for analysis and compilation by [[studiomdl]]. SMD files are usually generated by an [[SMD export]] plug-in for a given [[model editor]] package.
 
*The format is carriage return sensitive: each command must be on a separate line. There should also be a single blank line at the end (and only the end) of the file.
*White space is the only delimiter: any combination of tabs and spaces can be used to separate values, and for this reason multiword names should be enclosed in "quotation marks". There is no support for comments.
 
== Types ==
 
;Reference / Collision
:''A complete snapshot of the model, including one frame of animation to define the default pose. Also used for [[collision mesh]]es.''
:<code>[[#Header|header]]</code>
:<code>[[#Nodes|nodes]]</code>
:<code>[[#Skeleton|skeleton]]</code>
:<code>[[#Triangles|triangles]]</code>
; Animation
: ''A single [[skeletal animation]].''
:<code>[[#Header|header]]</code>
:<code>[[#Nodes|nodes]]</code>
:<code>[[#Skeleton|skeleton]]</code>
; Vertex
: ''For [[flex animation]]. Usually has extension <code>.vta</code>. Precise structure unclear.''
:<code>[[#Header|header]]</code>
:<code>[[#Nodes|nodes]]</code>
:<code>[[#Skeleton|skeleton]]</code>
:<code>[[#Vertexanimation|vertexanimation]]</code>
 
== Data blocks ==
 
Here are the components of an SMD file, considered in order:
 
{{tip|Unless otherwise noted all [[integer]] values begin at 0 and all [[floating point]] values are limited to six decimal places.}}
 
=== Header ===
 
Simply:
 
version 1
 
=== Nodes ===
 
A list of all the bones in the model.
 
{{note|Bones without attached vertices will not be compiled.}}
 
==== Syntax ====
; <code>nodes</code>
: Starts the node block.
; <code><[[int]]|ID> "<[[string]]|Bone Name>" <int|Parent ID></code>
: A bone definition. Unique ID number (does not have to be sequential), name in quote marks and the parent bone's ID. Bones without parents (i.e. children of the world) have a Parent ID of <code>-1</code>.
; <code>end</code>
: Ends the data block.
 
==== Example ====
 
A root bone with one child:
 
nodes
0 "root" -1
1 "child" 0
end
 
=== Skeleton ===
 
Position data for each bone in each animation frame. In a reference SMD there is only one frame, which contains the model's default posture.
 
{{note|There can only be one animation in each SMD.}}
 
==== Syntax ====
 
; <code>skeleton</code>
: Begins the skeleton block.
; <code>time <[[int]]></code>
: Begins a new frame. Any range of numbers can be used, so long as they increase sequentially.
; <code> <int|bone ID> <[[float]]|PosX PosY PosZ>  <float|RotX RotY RotZ> </code>
: A bone's position relative to its parent (give absolute values in the case of root bones).
:* <code>Pos</code> is position in [[unit]]s.
:* <code>Rot</code> is local [[Wikipedia:Euler angles|Euler angles]], given in [[Wikipedia:Radian|radians]]. (90&deg; = 1.570796 rad)
:{{tip|The first frame must include all bones. After that, those which have not moved relative to their parent since the last frame can be omitted.}}
; <code>end</code>
: Ends the data block.
 
==== Example ====
 
Bone 1 move two units along the Y axis, then back again:
 
skeleton
time 0
0 0 0 0 1.570796 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0
time 1
1 1 2 0 0 0 0
time 2
1 1 0 0 0 0 0
end
 
=== Triangles ===
 
All of the polygons in the model by their three [[vertex|vertices]]. Included in each polygon is its [[UV]] co-ordinates and [[envelope]] weights.
 
{{note|Source's polygons are one-sided. The active face is the one around which the vertices can be traced clockwise.}}
 
==== Syntax ====
 
; <code>triangles</code>
: Begins the triangle block.
; <code><material></code>
: Defines the start of a new triangle and the material to apply to it. Anything after a '.' (e.g. a file extension) is ignored. Do not enclose in quotes and do not include a path ([[$cdmaterials]] will provide one).
; <code><[[int]]|Parent bone> <[[float]]|PosX PosY PosZ> <[[normal]]|NormX NormY NormZ> <normal|U V> <int|links> <int|Bone ID> <normal|Weight> [...]</code>
: Defines a [[vertex]].
:* <code>Pos</code> is in world [[unit]]s
:* <code>Norm</code> is used to smooth the surface of the model ({{todo|How?}})
:* U and V are the vertex's [[UV map]] co-ordinates
: The final three options are optional: they override <code><Parent bone></code> to define a series of weighted envelopes. <code>Bone ID</code> and <code>Weight</code> are repeated for each link. If the weights do not add up to 1, any remaining value is placed on <code><Parent bone></code>.
; <code>end</code>
: Ends triangle block.
 
==== Example ====
 
A flat, two-sided square. The left edge envelopes bone 0 and the right edge envelopes bone 1, and the UV map is a simple square projection:
 
triangles
my_material
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
1 1 -1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
my_material
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
my_material
1 1 -1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
my_material
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 -1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
end
 
=== Vertexanimation ===
 
Position of vertices in various morph targets (for [[flex animation]]). Although this block uses the same <code>time</code> keyword as <code>[[#Skeleton|skeleton]]</code>, each 'frame' is a discrete shape: transitions between them are created on-demand by the engine.
 
{{warning|The precise structure of this block is unclear. It is known that a skeleton block is required elsewhere in the file, though all frames in it appear to be the same!}}
 
==== Syntax ====
 
; <code>vertexanimation</code>
: Begins the vertex animation block.
;<code>time <[[int]]></code>
: Begins a morph target. It is unclear how many or even which vertices should be included (though it's a safe bet that the modified ones are among them).
; <code><int|ID> <[[float]]|PosX PosY PosZ> <[[normal]]|NormX NormY NormZ></code>
: A vertex.
:* ID is defined by its position in <code>[[#Triangles|triangles]]</code>
:* <code>Pos</code> is in world [[unit]]s
:* <code>Norm</code> is used to smooth the surface of the model ({{todo|How?}})
; <code>end</code>
: Ends the data block.
 
[[Category:Modeling]]
[[Category:Technical]]
[[Category:Glossary]]

Latest revision as of 15:28, 21 January 2024

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