Alternate Multiplayer Physics

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January 2024

Overview

This document describes an alternative multiplayer physics behavior for "prop_physics_multiplayer" objects. The basic idea is to remove direct collision between a player and moving physics objects and push players away from them based on their distance. Once a physics object has settled and isn't moving anymore, the push-away force is removed and the normal collision rules are restored, so players can stand on physics objects. Players don't have a physics shadow anymore, which means they can't move objects just by touching them. They have to press USE to apply a pushing force.

This code sample is not complete, sometimes you have to add new class function declarations or include "obstacle_pushaway.h" in some files. But all additional changes should be obvious. If the files game_shared\obstacle_pushaway.cpp/.h are missing, update your Source SDK code base via Steam.

Instructions

Add to game_shared\obstacle_pushaway.h the following lines and include it in base_player_shared.cpp, c_sdk_player.cpp, sdk_player.cpp.

extern ConVar sv_pushaway_force;
extern ConVar sv_pushaway_max_force;

void AvoidPushawayProps(  CBaseCombatCharacter *pPlayer, CUserCmd *pCmd );

Implement AvoidPushawayProps in game_shared\obstacle_pushaway.cpp and include file in build:

void AvoidPushawayProps( CBaseCombatCharacter *pPlayer, CUserCmd *pCmd )
{
		// Figure out what direction we're moving and the extents of the box we're going to sweep 
		// against physics objects.
		Vector currentdir;
		Vector rightdir;
		AngleVectors( pCmd->viewangles, &currentdir, &rightdir, NULL );

		CBaseEntity *props[512];
	#ifdef CLIENT_DLL
		int nEnts = GetPushawayEnts( pPlayer, props, ARRAYSIZE( props ), 0.0f, PARTITION_CLIENT_SOLID_EDICTS, NULL );
	#else
		int nEnts = GetPushawayEnts( pPlayer, props, ARRAYSIZE( props ), 0.0f, PARTITION_ENGINE_SOLID_EDICTS, NULL );
	#endif

		for ( int i=0; i < nEnts; i++ )
		{
			// Don't respond to this entity on the client unless it has PHYSICS_MULTIPLAYER_FULL set.
			IMultiplayerPhysics *pInterface = dynamic_cast<IMultiplayerPhysics*>( props[i] );
			if ( pInterface && pInterface->GetMultiplayerPhysicsMode() != PHYSICS_MULTIPLAYER_SOLID )
				continue;

			const float minMass = 10.0f; // minimum mass that can push a player back
			const float maxMass = 30.0f; // cap at a decently large value
			float mass = maxMass;
			if ( pInterface )
			{
				mass = pInterface->GetMass();
			}
			mass = clamp( mass, minMass, maxMass );

			mass = max( mass, 0 );
			mass /= maxMass; // bring into a 0..1 range

			// Push away from the collision point. The closer our center is to the collision point,
			// the harder we push away.
			Vector vPushAway = (pPlayer->WorldSpaceCenter() - props[i]->WorldSpaceCenter());
			float flDist = VectorNormalize( vPushAway );
			flDist = max( flDist, 1 );

			float flForce = sv_pushaway_player_force.GetFloat() / flDist * mass;
			flForce = min( flForce, sv_pushaway_max_player_force.GetFloat() );
			vPushAway *= flForce;

			pCmd->forwardmove += vPushAway.Dot( currentdir );
			pCmd->sidemove    += vPushAway.Dot( rightdir );
		}
	}

Also in obstacle_pushaway.cpp remove these lines from function PerformObstaclePushaway:

	#ifdef GAME_DLL
			if ( pInterface->IsAsleep() && sv_turbophysics.GetBool() )
				continue;
	#endif

In CSDKGameRules add 2 new rules so players don't get stuck with object in COLLISION_GROUP_PUSHAWAY mode.

bool CSDKGameRules::ShouldCollide( int collisionGroup0, int collisionGroup1 )
{
  ... // swap froups if necessary

	if ( (collisionGroup0 == COLLISION_GROUP_PLAYER || collisionGroup0 == COLLISION_GROUP_PLAYER_MOVEMENT) &&
		collisionGroup1 == COLLISION_GROUP_PUSHAWAY )
	{
		return false;
	}

	if ( collisionGroup0 == COLLISION_GROUP_DEBRIS && collisionGroup1 == COLLISION_GROUP_PUSHAWAY )
	{
		// let debris and multiplayer objects collide
		return true;
	}

	... // rest of ShouldCollide
}

Use "prop_physics_multiplayer" in your maps and override their virtual function VPhysicsUpdate:

void CPhysicsPropMultiplayer::VPhysicsUpdate( IPhysicsObject *pPhysics )
{
	BaseClass::VPhysicsUpdate( pPhysics );

	if ( m_bAwake )
		SetCollisionGroup( COLLISION_GROUP_PUSHAWAY );
	else
		SetCollisionGroup( COLLISION_GROUP_NONE );
}	

Remove the physics shadows for players:

void CBasePlayer::InitVCollision( void )
{
	return; // don't create a physics player shadow
}

void CBasePlayer::VPhysicsShadowUpdate( IPhysicsObject *pPhysics )
{
	return; // player doesn't have a physics shadow
}

Add a new shared function to game_shared/baseplayer_shared.cpp:

	void CBasePlayer::AvoidPhysicsProps( CUserCmd *pCmd )
	{
		// Don't avoid if noclipping or in movetype none
		switch ( GetMoveType() )
		{
		case MOVETYPE_NOCLIP:
		case MOVETYPE_NONE:
		case MOVETYPE_OBSERVER:
			return;
		default:
			break;
		}

		if ( GetObserverMode() != OBS_MODE_NONE || !IsAlive() )
			return;

		AvoidPushawayProps( this, pCmd );
	}

This function is called on the server in CSDKPlayerMove::SetupMove:

void CSDKPlayerMove::SetupMove( CBasePlayer *player, CUserCmd *ucmd, IMoveHelper *pHelper, CMoveData *move )
{
	player->AvoidPhysicsProps( ucmd );

	...  // rest of function
}

And on the client in CSDKPrediction::SetupMove:

void CSDKPrediction::SetupMove( C_BasePlayer *player, CUserCmd *ucmd, IMoveHelper *pHelper, 
	CMoveData *move )
{
	player->AvoidPhysicsProps( ucmd );

	// Call the default SetupMove code.
	BaseClass::SetupMove( player, ucmd, pHelper, move );
}

Also PushawayThink must be called every 0.05 seconds on both client and server. That's done in Think functions. Here code for the server:

void CSDKPlayer::PushawayThink()
{
	// Push physics props out of our way.
	PerformObstaclePushaway( this );
	SetNextThink( gpGlobals->curtime + 0.05f, "PushawayThink" );
}

void CSDKPlayer::Spawn()
{
	...

 	SetContextThink( &CSKDPlayer::PushawayThink, gpGlobals->curtime + 0.05f, "PushawayThink" );
}

And the same call every 0.05 seconds on the client by overriding virtual function ClientThink:

C_SDKPlayer::C_SDKPlayer()
{
	...
	m_fNextThinkPushAway = 0.0f; // new float in C_SDKPlayer
}

void C_SDKPlayer::ClientThink()
{
	BaseClass::ClientThink();

	if ( gpGlobals->curtime >= m_fNextThinkPushAway )
	{
		PerformObstaclePushaway( this );
		m_fNextThinkPushAway =  gpGlobals->curtime + 0.05f;
	}
}

Finally, let the player push away objects using the USE key

void CSDKPlayer::PlayerUse ( void )
{
	... // observer code

	// push objects in turbo physics mode
	if ( m_nButtons & IN_USE )
	{
		Vector forward, up;
		EyeVectors( &forward, NULL, &up );

		trace_t tr;
		// Search for objects in a sphere (tests for entities that are not solid, yet still usable)
		Vector searchCenter = EyePosition();

		UTIL_TraceLine( searchCenter, searchCenter + forward * 96.0f, MASK_SOLID, this, COLLISION_GROUP_NONE, &tr );

		// try the hit entity if there is one, or the ground entity if there isn't.
		CBaseEntity *entity = tr.m_pEnt;

		if (entity && entity->VPhysicsGetObject() )
		{
			IPhysicsObject *pObj = entity->VPhysicsGetObject();

			Vector vPushAway = (entity->WorldSpaceCenter() - WorldSpaceCenter());
			vPushAway.z = 0;

			float flDist = VectorNormalize( vPushAway );
			flDist = max( flDist, 1 );

			float flForce = sv_pushaway_force.GetFloat() / flDist;
			flForce = min( flForce, sv_pushaway_max_force.GetFloat() );

			pObj->ApplyForceOffset( vPushAway * flForce, WorldSpaceCenter() );
		}
	}

	... // rest of PlayerUse
}